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Vasco De Gama sailed to India for spices. In return they got spices, rare silks, and precious gems. He was Portuguese and he wanted an easier trade route.
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Small states lead by a leader, they were the power of India at the time. Broke away from the Mugal Empire.
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Machine made goods were brought to India from Britian for faster production of products made.
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It was ununited under the ruler, Aurangzeb, Power weakened and local people became stronger. 2 million people dies of famine under his rule and felt little to no loyalty to him.
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Robert Clive lead the East India company beat the Indias that were forced allies with the French at the battle of Plassey.
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The Sepoys got mad at the British because there were rumors going around that said that the cartridges were greased with pig and cow fat which those two animals were scared to Hindus and Muslims. They captured Delhi, north and central India. The Muslims wanted the Mughal empire back but the Hindus don't.
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After the Sepoys rebelled, the British colonized India. The took direct control which was called the raj.
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People made nationalist groups and each group had a self government.
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Hindus and Muslims were divided. So the Muslims created the Muslim league.
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10,000 Muslims and Hindus came to the Amritsar, a town in the Punjab, the fast and pray and give political speeches. Most people gathering didn't know that the British banned public gatherings. A British comander belived that they were openly defying law. He fired without warning. 10 minutes later 400 Indians dies and 1,200 wounded. After this incident, Indians demanded independence.
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Allowed government to jail protesters without a trial for as long as two years.
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After the massacre at Amristar, he ruled. Deep religious approch to political activity. Blended all world religions. Wanted non-violence.
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He wanted non-violence. He refused to buy British goods, attend government schools, pay British taxes, or vote. Wore hand spun clothes and encouraged others to do it too.
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Indians could only buy salt from government. There were taxes on them too. To show opposition, Gandhi and his followers walked about 240 miles to the seacoast and begun to make their own salt by collecting saltwater and letting it evaporate. After that the British got mad and 60,000 people were arrested including Gandhi.
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provided local self-govenerment and limited government elections but not total independence.
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When India was divided into separate places, one for Hindu and Muslim nations.
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India and Pakistan had a seperation in 1 month time after the British agreed. %00 independent native princes had to decide which nation they would join.
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A Hindu extremist who thought Ganghi was too protective of Muslimes shot and killed him.
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After WWll Britian had large war debts. British leaders rethink the expense of maintaining and governing distant colonies, They let India free, but the Muslims and Hindus didn't know who to rule. They had battles and 5,000 people died and 15,000 people were hurt.
