-
Period: 570 to Nov 2, 632
Muhammad
-was a leader from Mecca who unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam -
Period: Oct 30, 661 to Oct 30, 750
Umayyad Dynasty
-The second of four major Islamic caliphates after Muhammad's death
-Umayyad family orginally came from the city of Mecca, their capital was Damascus
-It was at one time the largest empire in the world
-Abbasid Caliphate overthrown the Umayyads
-Religion: Sunni Islam
-Built Dome of the Rock and The Great Mosque in Spain -
Period: Nov 2, 740 to Nov 2, 745
Nara Period
-Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijo-kyo, Emperor Kammu established a new capital called Nagaoka-kyo in 784
-history of Japan -
Period: Oct 25, 750 to Oct 25, 1258
Abbasid Dynasty
-Period for Islamic civilization
-3rd Islamic Caliphate
-Baghdad=capitol
-Was destroyed by Mongol invaders
-Overthrew Umayyad Caliphate -
Period: Nov 2, 750 to Nov 2, 1076
Kingdom of Ghana
-first Sub-Saharan West Africa, gold coast -
Nov 2, 1054
Schism between eastern and western Christian Church
-formal split between the latin church and the Orthodox Church -
Nov 2, 1055
Saljuq control over Abbasid Dynasty
-turkic dynasty of central asian nomadic origins took over Baghdad and established themselves as new protectors of the Abbasid caliphate -
Oct 14, 1066
Norman Invasion of England
-invasion and occupation of England by an arny of Normans and French led by Duke Willliam the second of Normandy -
Period: Nov 27, 1096 to Oct 25, 1099
First Crusade
-Military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe toregain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests -
Period: Nov 2, 1200 to Nov 2, 1500
Mali Empire
-created by indigenous Muslims in Western Sudan of West Africa and famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade -
Period: Oct 30, 1202 to Apr 30, 1204
Fourth Crusade
-intended to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem
-Crusaders of western Europe invaded Constantinople city of Christian (eastern orthodox)
-key turning point in decline of the Empire and of Christainity in the near east -
Period: Nov 2, 1206 to Nov 2, 1283
Mongol conquest of all of China
-Under Genghis Khan his descendants established an enormous empire -
Period: Nov 2, 1206 to Nov 2, 1227
Reign of Chingis Khan
-same as Genghis Khan title of Temujun when he ruled the Mongols,
-founder of the Mongol empire, most famous conqueror in history -
Period: Nov 2, 1206 to Nov 2, 1526
Sultanate of Delhi
-centralized Indian empire of varying extent, created by Muslim invaders -
Period: Nov 2, 1250 to Nov 2, 1450
Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe
-City where many stone structures were built when it was a trading center and capital of a large state i Africa -
Period: Nov 2, 1260 to Nov 2, 1271
Reign of Kublai Khan
-conquered China and established the Chinese Yuan Dynasty -
Period: Nov 2, 1275 to Nov 2, 1292
Marco Polo's trip to China
-served under Kublai Khan -
Period: Oct 30, 1279 to Oct 30, 1368
Yuan Dynasty
-Founded by Genhis Khan and his sons, by defeating the Western Xia Empire and conquering Central Asia,Mongolia and Hexi Corridor
-Trade: Silk Road routes=power and wealth
-Ogedei (Khan's son) ruled mongol Empire in 1227, invaded Jin empire and Song empire -
Period: Feb 25, 1304 to Nov 2, 1368
Ibn Battuta
-Was a Muslim Moroccan explorer, known for his extensive travels,visited most of the Islamic world and many non-muslim lands -
Period: Nov 2, 1312 to Nov 2, 1337
Reign of Mansa Musa
-ruler of Mail, his pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca establshed the empire reputation for wealth -
Period: Nov 2, 1336 to Nov 2, 1405
Tamerlane
-though conquest gained control of most of Central Asia and Iran, member of prominent family of the Mongols Jagadai Khanate -
Period: Nov 2, 1337 to Nov 2, 1453
Hundred Year's War
-Series of conflicts between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France for control of french throne
-William the Conqueror became King of England in 1066 -
Nov 2, 1346
First Bubonic P,ague Pandemic
-Bacterial disease spread by flea bites to rodents and humans.
-High morality rate and difficult to stop its spread -
Period: Nov 2, 1368 to
Ming Dynasty
-Empire based in China that Z hu Yuanghang established after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire -
Period: Nov 2, 1405 to Nov 2, 1433
Zheng He's expeditions
-He was entrusted by Chinese emperor Yongle with series of state voyages through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia and Africa -
Period: Nov 2, 1438 to Nov 2, 1533
Inca Empire
-largest empire in pre-Columbian America, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco -
Apr 6, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
-Constantinople was capital of Byzantine Empire
-Occured after the siege by the Ottoman Empire
-City was conquered by the Ottomans
-Marked the end of the Roman Empire
-Ended May 29, 1453 -
Period: to Oct 30, 1279
Song Dynasty
-Northern Song(960-1127): founded by Zhao Kuangyin, lauched a mutiny in Chenqiao country, China's territory unified
-Southern Song(1127-1179): founded by Zhao Gou(last emperior's son), imperial clansmen captured, he fled to Nanjing Yingtianfu
-prosperous economy and radiant culture
-Considered another period of golden age after Tnag Dynasty -
Period: to
Tang Dynasty
-Emperior Yang was killed by his chancellor (Yuwen Huaji)
-Chang'an=capital city
-under emperior Taizong Li Shimin's rule economy and commerce flourised, socail order balanced, national boundaries open to foriegn countries
-When emperior Taizong died his son, Li Zhi took over and was crowned emperior Gaozong -
Period: to
Sui Dynasty
-unified the country after four centuries of separation between North and South China
-start of an artisic and cultural renaissance
-founded by emperior Wen of Sui, reign lead to unification
-Capital=Chang'an
-Social gap between rich and poor reduced
-Spread of Buddhism -
Period: to Nov 2, 1400
Kingdom of Angkor
-capital of present day Cambodia
-largest pre-industrial urban center in the world -
Period: to
Reign of Charlemange
-King of the Franks and emperor
-he established the Carolington empire
-First in western Europe to bear the title emperor in over 300 years -
Period: to Oct 30, 1185
Heian Period
-New capital was established in Heian-kyo
-Fujiwaras (aristocrats) controlled politics and cultural milieu of this era.
-first permanent Japanese capital was established in Nara
-New form of government called Insei government (emperiors=politic power) -
Period: to
Silla Dynasty
-United Silla, Paekche, and Koguryo (three kingdoms of Korean peninsula, under indigenous leadership)
-Expelled T'ang forces
-Park and Seok clans were always fighting for power and were both thrownout of the Kim clan but remain nobility
-Silla controlled Baekje under King Muyeol's rule
-decline was caused by the reduced respect of the king he was still viewed as a powerful aristocratic family