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Period: to
Civil War
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South Carolina Secedes
South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union. Abe Lincoln was elected in 1860. South Carolina was unhappy with the election of Abraham Lincoln. Since they were a slave state, they were afraid that he would get rid of slavery. The South was called the Confederacy. The confederate had 11 states. -
Soldiers /AWOL/ Economic Strains
A sense of adventure. Unrealistic, even romantic idea of military service. AWOL- absent without leave. Economic Strains- conscription-draft-lower class-no $. -
Fort Sumpter
Fort sumpter was the first engagement. It was in S.C at Charleston Harbor. Federal Fort that is low on supplies. Lincoln tells Gov. "I am only sending food." Jefferson Davis wanted to fire upon the Fort. Fire and start war, not fire and appear weak. Jefferson Davis was president of the confederacy. The border states were: Maryland, Missouri, Kentuckey, Delaware. Confederate capital was Richmond Virginia. -
Toll of War, Sanitary Commission
More mdrn weapons - guns greater range and accuracy. Assaults by immense numbers of infantry. Don't soften the lines before with artillery. Medical ignorance. Infected wounds, Gngrn, sm pox, dysentery, typhoid, pneumonia, malaria in smr, -unable to handle #'s of those wnd, 24hrs. After battle same remained on the fields. Instd men on latrine plcmnts, wtr supply, safe cooking.Women nurses despite Dr. objt. Clara Barton, Dorthea Dix. 3000 north women to work as nurses. DRS-Women taking care of men -
The Northern Strategy: Anaconda Plan
The anaconda Plan Surrounded and squeezed the Mississippi river and Atlantic Blockade. -
Battle of Bull Run
Known as battle of Manassas. The North realized it will be a long road of war. The South gave them confidence to fight. One of the Northern strengths was their population. One of the southern strengths was that they had more notable leaders. Union army- "On to Richmond". People were spectators. North was known asthe union, and had 23 states. South's strengths were they had more notable leaders, fought on home ground.They thought they could get recognized by England and France for their cotton. -
Secretary of War
The secretary of war was Edwin Stanton.
The Acts- role of Rep. Gov't in life. -
Fort Henry
This was when the battle of Fort Henry was. -
Fort Donelson
This was when the battle of Fort Donelson was. -
Battle of Shiloh
Grant a huge victory at Shiloh and then on to Vicksburg. -
Homestead Act
This gave 160 acres to anyone willing to farm, cultivate and build a house for 5 years. -
Pacific Railroads
The union pacific railroad hapened from east to west. The central pacific railroad happened from west to east. -
Morrill Land Grant Act
Land Grant Colleges- education to ordinary citizens in fields of agriculture and engineering. Jefferson Davis was the confederate president. Confederate loyalty- many loyal to state not confederacy. Centralization will destroy what was southern. -
Southern Strategy: Battle of Anietam
This was single bloodiest day of the war- 5,000 died and 19,000 wounded. The southern strategy was to attack Maryland, hold of troops in Virginia. -
Emancipation Proclamtion
-What would happen to slaves once freed?
-Lincoln took a new position of ending slavery.
-1862- told states to return to the union or he would free slaves. Did nothing! It said... It freed the slaves in the areas of rebellion- the areas the union did not control. Exempted slaves in border states and areas in South won by union forces. Blacks in south fleeing- this proclamtion did nothing exept put a name on something that was already happening. -
Gettysburg and info
Total war and the year the tide turns. North hoped for victory. South hopes for continued success and diplomatic recognition. Chancellorsville- confederate victory. July 1-3- Gettysburg- 28,000 confederates dead. Vicksburg- Grant victory. (Access to Mississippi River). -
Grant/What happened in 1864/Election of 1864
Grant now union commander. William Sherman- inflict maximum damage on sothern life. Surrender rather than face total destruction. March to sea- Atlanta to Savannah- cut off AL, Miss, GA. Make war so terrible. Total War "War is Hell". Lincoln reelected with 55% of the popular vote. Lincoln's policy of unconditional surrender. The war would continue. -
The End- Appomattox/ Reasons North won
April 1865- Confederates fled their capital of Richmond. 25,000 troops and Lee surrender to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse. (town). Confederate troops got parole. Jefferson Davis captured in GA on May 10. War over. Reasons North won: blockades, deaths of confederate generals, population numbers, rise of grant and sherman, grants attrtion tactics, failure to get foreign recognition, 18th century army in the south. -
13th Amendment
The 13th amendment happend by this time. It abolishes slavery.