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80,000 BCE
Early Humanity, Homo Interactions
Within this time frame, humanity had to compete with the world and human sister species for dominance of the earth. Homo-sapiens were nomadic and left Africa later than some other earlier human adjacent species. After leaving however they quickly spread, always chasing the next heard and source of food. and as such, they came into conflict with other homo groups. it's not quite clear, but it's likely humans interbred and out-competed the majority of the main ones. -
Period: 80,000 BCE to 12,000 BCE
prehistory
the time before the neolithic -
70,000 BCE
Homo-sapiens life
Life for early humans was fraught with many dangers. Most people would live from place to place chasing game, or fleeing the weather. Humans would live in caves or makeshift hide shelters when they needed to stay in an area for a prolonged period of time. The life of the human was very much intertwined with that of the world they inhabited. all conditions had to be perfect or death would be certain. These ideal conditions were chased from place to place as soon as it wasn't optimal in another. -
40,000 BCE
Cave art
The first signs of cave art and Rituals amongst Humans can be traced back to around this time, around this time other human species, like the neanderthals and cromagnions also showed signs of ritual and artistic development -
35,000 BCE
Disappearance of the other Homos
Around this time most other homo groups disappear from the fossil record which indicates that they were driven to extinction by some means. Many theories point to the ice age, and general outbreeding by Humans, however, we aren't sure. What we do know with some certainty is that DNA from the other homos exist within modern populations, which indicates that there was some degree of interbreeding. And this is not to say homo sapiens were all that remained, as there were still some on the fringes. -
25,000 BCE
First Evidence of Cultivation
Around this time in the fertile crescent, area evidence has been found of rudimentary cultivation of plants. This is theorised to have come to be because of how Waste was discarded by the nomadic humans. They started to see that from the waste heaps that they may have left in the past there would spring new plants from their discarded grains and seeds. A very small number of nomadic groups at this point likely started to play around with these seeds to see what could be done with them. -
13,000 BCE
Settlement
Around this time, the cultivation of plants had become a common practice among tribes and people groups leading to them staying in one place longer. instead of chasing down the next ideal spot to hunt and live they could just create it by planting and using crops. People would start to settle down around fertile lands that were ideal for farming. These kinds of areas would come to be known as cradles of civilization. -
12,000 BCE
The Turning point
Cultivation was a massive success, and it allowed for populations to boom, and More complicated works to be made. No longer was life dependent on where the deer were heading for the season. Now some groups of people could inhabit a land for generations allowing for infrastructure to develop, and more complicated social paradigms to form. after this point, Human development would never be the same. the Homo-Sapiens had now gained what they needed to conquer the world, it was now all downhill. -
Period: 12,000 BCE to 3100 BCE
Neolitihic
The neolithic age, (new stone age) was a time when humanity stopped being hunter-gatherers and started forming civilizations -
11,000 BCE
Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe is built and is presumably used as a temple or a site of communal gathering for many wandering tribes. It's one of the first examples of complex stone structures that are reminiscent of civilization that has been found to date. in refuse piles, on-site Animal bones of a variety of species have been found as well as remains of grains that could indicate the production of cereals amongst the people who frequented the structure. -
7000 BCE
Çatalhöyük
Çatalhöyük was a proto-city settlement in southern Anatolia, being one of the first of its kind. It showed signs of a large area of buildings, temple areas, and complex housing. it is the first clear sign we have of the path of what's to come. If one were to walk through Çatalhöyük in its prime, it would look very different yet bear a resemblance to the towns and cities we have now. Ideas presented in this civilization would remain present to some degree in the modern age. -
6000 BCE
Sumer
The lands of Sumer were settled around this time -
4000 BCE
Sumerian civilization
multiple Sumerian city states start to gain a lions share of Mesopotamian resources. Which prompts new ideas and conflict. Some ambitious states conquered others to gain resources and people. Among these city-states is Uruk, which is wildly successful in warfare. Soon holding the majority of Mesopotamia and some lands beyond. One of the first empires was born out of this. -
4000 BCE
Sumerian Structures
The Sumerian communities were city-states organized around a temple and ruled by a priesthood. The bulk of the people of the community were considered to be the servant-slaves of the god of the temple. The insecurities of life justified the role of the priesthood. When calamities occurred despite the best efforts of the priesthood this was explained as being the result of the actions of other gods acting in concert which over-ruled the wishes of the local god. -
3500 BCE
Writing
Writing was invented to better help categorize and manage the ever-growing civilizations around the world. It allowed for the formalizing of language and the wide dissemination of information. With it, things could be more organized and expanded further. Like the discovery of agriculture prior, writing became an invention that would change the world forever. And it was only a matter of time before it came to be with the greater populations and the need for management. -
2100 BCE
Fall of Mesopotamia
Muilptle theories have been presented to describe the fall of the initial Mesopotamian empires, primary the Akkadian, and we don't have a clear answer. however, there are quite a few likely events that led to its collapse that can be found in many other societies around the time. -
2100 BCE
Climate change
Human flourishing happened because of the receding of the ice age, which left many lands open and fertile. However, as time wore on the gifts granted by the receding of the ice started to diminish and areas that could once support large scale agriculture started to falter. The Mesopotamian area was not spared from this as the ground gradually became saltier and the weather became drier. Farming failed, and the initial conquest of mother nature by man started to reverse in certain areas. -
2100 BCE
Invading Peoples
Many Cilvazations became engrossed in their own successes and disregarded the nomads and barbarians on their borderlands as primitives and uncivilized folk. However, in many cases, it's these people who spell the ultimate doom of the mightiest civilizations. The invading peoples cared not for the things the citizens did, they just wanted tribute and what they needed to survive. and as such, they had little reservations when it comes to destruction. They would reek havoc and pillage. -
2100 BCE
Guitians
in Mesopotamias case, these invading people were the Gutians, a nomadic people from the Zagros mountains to the north. They had been feared and disregarded by the Mesopotamians for centuries, however, emboldened by the empire faltering they saw the chance for pillage and gain. they rushed in and spelt the formal doom of the region. -
Period: 100 BCE to 476
Roman age
The hegemony of the Romans -
27 BCE
Internal flaws of Rome
In imperializing, roman gained the ability to expand far further and grow much greater, however, in doing so it also introduced the issue of succession, which would in time come to be its undoing. A state divided cannot stand against its enemies. For a time the acts of Julius Cesear would lead Rome to prosperity and new heights. But it would ultimately lead to Rome's decline. When society creates such a need for powerful figures, many will wish to fill the positions, leading to rot. -
476
Fall of the romans
Similar to the fall of the Mesopotamian societies the great Roman empire would fall because of invading peoples who were seen as uncivilized. These people would strike when things were rough and the empire was weak, bogged down by bureaucracy, proxy wars, infighting, and want for power. Rome in this case was left fighting too many internal battles to deal with the Gauls, Goths, Vandals and Huns that all surrounded and were seen as lesser wanted to raid, or control the empire -
Period: 477 to Jan 1, 800
After The Fall Of Rome
The disillusion of the western empire left its client states in turmoil and created a massive power vacuum around Europe, North Africa, and the middle east. -
500
Europe, North Africa, The middle east
Many tribal and native people groups, along with the ones who held out vestiges of Roman society in the lands that once constituted Rome started to form their own states in accordance with the roman ways. Feudalism took hold through these areas, and each area started to develop in their own way
