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The Sumerians ,Akkadians,Hittites,Babylonians,Assyrians,Chaldeans,and the Phoenicians.
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As the farmers continued working that started to gain more food then they needed .Therefor a food surplus stated. A surplus is when there is more of something than needed.
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The Anctient Egyptian and Kushites
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Cuneiform was developed by the Sumerians and is the first writing system. It first started of and pictographs then to a more complicated system made up of wedge shaped symbols. They used clay tablets to record business deals and other useful things.
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Menes was the king who united uper and lower Egypt. He defeated Pe king of lower Egypt, took Pes crow and created a double crown to show his power.He had become the first pharoh of Egypt.
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Khufu was the most famous pharoh of the old kingdom because he made so many monuments of himself that there was no way he wasn't famous in Egypt. Khufu's pyramid was the biggest of the pyramids hisorians have found so far.
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I think that the ancient Indians though the right thing when they built there villages;that was to build the city with indoor plumbing and sewage systems.If they hadn't we would have had to through our waste out the window and our world would be a lot mor stinky and dirty. Also it would take us a very long time to wash things and get access to water. We would have to take a bath in rivers and bath houses.
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Sargon was on of the rulers of the first leg crescent area.He was the first to have a permanent army and establish the worlds first empir.He stayed empower for over fifty years.
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Mohenjo Daro was one of the first major cities in the Harappa civilization. One of the most amazing things was that this city had indoor plumbing.
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The Xia Dynasty was the first dynasty in China. A dynasty is a time of rulers that descend from the same family.There are stories of how the Xia Dynasty worked,socialized, and cooperated with each other well.
astablished in China.A Dynasty -
The Mycenaeans where the first people to live in Greece and the first people to speak Greek. Because they where the first to speak Greek they where considered the first Greeks. They set up colonies and trade with other places.
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Mycenaeans, minoans
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Hammurabi was one of the most famous king who rule in Babylon. He created a code called Hammurabi's code so that there would be more order over people when he rule.It also has influenced our laws today.
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Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties.
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The Shang Dynasty was the second dynasty to start in China. The social order became more organized and invented the first writing system for China under the Shang rule.
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Queen Hatshepsut was one of the first women to rule Egypt.She wore men's clothing so that people would respect her more. She also increased Egypts trade
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Pharaoh Tutankhamen is one famous pharaoh because his thumb was not disturbed and it was filled with many treasures.
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The Zhou Dynasty was the third dynasty to be established in China. It was the longest wasting dynasty but it was filled with many wars because many of the lords sons fought each other for power. They believed that they had the mandate from Hevean,which mean they claimed that hevean had chosen them to be king.
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The Phoenicians created the first alphabet that we use today.
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Homer was a Greek poet who wrote many amazing myths about heros and there deeds. Some of his most famous pieces where the Iliad and the Odyssey.The Iliad is about the last years of the Trojan war and the Odyssey is about the challenges Idysseus had to face on his way back from the Trojan war.
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(Legend)
Romulus and Remus where descendants of Aeneas that where abandon and set adrift in a basket. A She wolf rescued them and raised them and after many years a Shepard found and adopted them.when they grew up they built a city then fought over who would rule. Romulus won and named the city after himself, Rome.
This is a legend of how Rome started out. -
Rome was Founded-753 BC
Etruscans Take over Rome -600BC
The Roman Republic is Founded-509BC
Rome and Carthage Fight in the Punic wars-264-146BC -
Cyrus the Great was one of the most famous people to lead Persia. The reason he was so Great was because he let the people he conquered keep there land.
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Buddhism began when prince Siddartha meditated under a tree because he wanted to know why there was suffering. He came up with three reasons and used them to create Buddhism.
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Confusions was a man who believed that the Chinese neaded to have a strong family relationship and neaded to have respect for those of higher authority than you. The study of his teaching and beliefs was called Confucianism.
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Cyrus the Great found the Persian empir-550BC
The Peloponnesan war-431BC
Alexander the Great builds empire-334-323BC
Romeconpquers Egypt, ending Hellenistic age-30BC -
Democracy was brought about by a Man named Cleisthenes.This type of government allowed people to have a say in what laws where established.Only Men where aloud to preticapate in voting.
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The Mayans build buildings and large cities-200
The maya classic age ends-900
The Aztecs set up Tenochtitlan-1325
Pachacuti begins to expand Inca empire-1440
Cortes arrives in Mexico- 1519
Pizarro conquers Incha- 1537 -
The peloponnesian war was a ar that was fought between Sparta and Athens. The reason that the war started was because Sparta saw that Athens was gaining to much power in the Delian league because the Athenians where taking money from the other members of the league.
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The 5 tripartite Republic that the romans used was made up of the parts the Magistrates, the senate, and the Assembly and Tribunes. With theses three parts of government Rome became very successful and controlled
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Socrates was a Greek Philosopher who tough by asking questions. He wanted people to ask themselves question about there belief. Sadly he made people angry saying that he corrupted the minds of young men so he was sentenced to death through drinking poison.
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Alexander the Great was a well known leader of Macedonia who love Greece. The reason he is so Great is because he never lost a battle and he conquered a lot of land.one reason why his army was so Great was because they used a long spears and because Alexander fought in the battles with them.
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Hannibal was one of Carthage’s most famous leaders. His life. Long dream was to destroy Rome. He perused his dream by taking over almost all of Italy. But when he got to Rome he was no mach for them. He had to go back to Carthage.
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The Qin Dynasty was the forth dynasty to be established in China. It was the shortest dynasty to be in China. One of is most famous kings was Shi Huangdi who finished the Great Wall,unified China,and was said to have flowing mercery in his tomb.
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The Han dynasty was the fifth dynasty to be established in China.It wasn't like the other dynasty's beacause its first king was a Peasant called Liu Bang. Because he was a peasant and realized the hard life of a peasant he brought them to a higher rank in society so they would be motivated to do there work.the Han dynasty also follow Confucianism.
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Queen Jeff was said to be the first woman to rule in Kush.The Kushite women could gain high authority in the kushite culture.
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Doctors of Ancient India where filled with knowledge that they wrote down in textbooks.They made medicines come plant and minerals.They also inoculated people and performed surgeries.
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Julius Caesar is assassinated-44BC
Augustus becomes Rome’s first empower-27BC
Jesus is crucified-30 AD
Emperor Constantine ends the persecution of Christians-312AD
The las Roman emperor on the west is overthrown-476AD
The Byzantine empire ends-1453AD -
Julius Caesar is a well know leader of Rome. He explained the empire of Rome but the only was he rule Rome with other people was because he lead soldiers through many victorious battles. Julius named himself dictator for life but many people where not happy. Unhappy with Caesar because he reduced there power so the assasenated him.
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On of China's best selling goods was silk.Silk making was only known to China for quite a bit of time so that China became very wealthy because the silk was so expensive. Because many people wanted this silk the Silk Road started so it would be easy for countries to trade with each other. Silk is a string that is woven together to make clothe. The Thread is made from the cocoons of Silk worms .
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Christianity was a religion in Rome that spread like wildfire. But the emporor at the time did not approve of it because they refused to worship other gods. So he stated persecuting them. Christine is the religion of following the teachings of the Bible and Jesus.At this time they didn’t have a bible, only stories that where passed on
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Gold and salt where some of the most important things that people trade.they where valuable resources to West Africans.salt was used as a preservative to keep food fresh. Gold was highly valued and a tool for trading.
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The classsic age was a period from AD250-900 where the maya civilization reached its height. Advancements where made, land was expanded, and trade increased during this time.
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The griots where storytellers that preserves the history of west Africa. They did this by sharing stories to other griots and this is called oral history. They also shared proverbs and wise sayings. They shared the oral history because they didn’t have a written language.
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The geography of Southern Europe greatly influenced the life of the people there. People lived one the coast lines because the land was flat for farming.people always lived close to the see because it Southern Europe is made of many peninsulas.
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Saint Patrick visits Ireland-430
The Vikings raid Europe -700-800
Charlemagne is crowned emperor of Europe.-800
Feudalism is introduced into Britain-1066 -
West Africa starts using iron and clay 500 BC
Ghana reaches its height. 1060 AD
Sudiata brings back Mali 1230AD
Mansa Musa leaves on hajj to Mecca and causes inflation 1324AD -
Justinian was an emoror of eastern Rome who was Christian. Thogether Justinian and his wife helped put back some of the empire of Rome after it had grown to big and had been stacked, letting it last longer. They resorted most of Rome’s beauty back to the land.
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Buddhism reaches Japan-550
Lady Murasaki Shikibu writes The Tale Of Genji- 1000
The first shogun rule begins 1192
The Tokugawa shoguns rule Japan- 1603-1868 -
Muhammad is born- c. 570
Muhammad leaves Mecca-622
Muhammad dies-632
Baghdad becomes the capital of the Islamic Empire- 762
The Ottomans capture Constantinople-1453
Shah Javan Begins the Taj Mahal-1631 -
Muhammad was the man who started the religion called Islam that many people follow today. All of his teaching are said to have come from god who spoke to him. He said God sent him messages. Muhammad spread what God said to him and therefor started Islam.
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Sui Dynasty- AD 589- 618
Tang Dynasty AD 618-918
Song Dynasty AD960-1279
Yuan Dynasty AD1279-1368
Ming Dynasty AD 1368-1644 -
Soon After the Sui dynasty started yang Jian built the grand canal that links northern and eastern China. The canal was hand made and is now to this day the longest hand made water way in the world. This canal helped unify China because people could easily travel from northern China to eastern China.
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Prince Shotoku was the man who influenced Chinese ideas n Japan. He was a regent serving from 593 to 621 AD. He admired Chinese ideas.
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The five pillars are five acts of worship that Muslims must follow. The first pillar is the state ment. All Muslims must state “There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet”. They must pray five times a day. They must give to the poor and needy. They must Fast during the month of Ramadan. And they must travel to Mecc at leas tone , If they can, on a hajj.
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King Charlemagne ruled Europe in the 700s. One of the most common things known about him is that he converted everyone to Christianity. He did this by threatening them that if they did not become Christian he would kill them.
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During the Tang Dynasty a new type of Confucianism was started by scholars seeking to improve the government. This new Confucianism was called neo-Confucianism , neo means new. Neo Confucianism focuses on spiritual aspects added on to the original teachings of Confucius.
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The age of Buddha was a time where the Song Dynasty made great achievements. The Chinese invented paper,paper money,porcelain,woodblock painting,gunpowder,movable type, magnetic compass, fast ripening rice, and the dragon backbone pump. Not only did they invent stuff peoety was very popular.
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One of the reasons Ghana declined is because of overgrazing. Over grazing is when too many animals are aloud to graze in one area. The grass disappears and the soil is exposed to the winds that blow away the good soil leaving behind desert.
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Excommunicate means to cast out of the church. Popes in the Holy Roman Empire “had” the ability to excommunicate people. Because of this the pope gained power. People didn’t want to be excommunicated.
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The society in Europe and Japan had many similarities. They both used feudal government,had warriors, code for warriors,royalty,and nobles. The peasants also worked the land.
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1066- feudalism is brought into Britain
1096-1291- Crusades
1347-1351-the Black Death
1492- spainish kick out the Jews -
Feudalism started after the Vikings began raiding. Feudalism was designed to keep everyone safe by biulding large fortes so if there was a raid the peasants and workers could run to safety bring all three valuables with them.
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The Reconquista was the attempts on retaking Spain from the moors. The Christians attained the moors at there weak point. The war lasted from 1002-1085.
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The Crusades where a series of wars between the Muslims and the Christians. Crusaders where the people fighting for the Holy Roman Empire. They fought to take back the holy land from the Muslims. They failed.
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The ranking system in The samurai society started with the shogun at the top, though most people would think the emperor would reside there. The emperor was a figure head to the shogun. Next comes the Daimyo who are served next in rank by the samurai. At the very bottom is the peasants.
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Thomas Aquinas was a Dominican philosopher who taught at the university of Paris. He spoke about how rational thought supports Christian beliefs.
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1271- Marco Polo goes to China
1459-glutenberg makes the printing press.
1517- Martin Luther makes the ninety five theses.
1648- the Thirty Year’s war ends -
Marco Polo was a man who went to China and other parts of the world. He wrote about the places he journeyed to and how awesome they where. When he got back he caused everyone to want to go to those places and trade with them. He ended up encouraging Christopher Columbus to finding America because he was looking for a route to India.
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In the 1300s a new type of art was brought up,called a Noah. A Noah is a performance that combines music, speaking, and dance. These performances where held for the nobles.
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Humanism is the way of thinking and learning about the idea of the importance of human abilities and actions. Many artists used this in their paintings in showing how awesome people are. This idea also inspired poetry, history, and literature.
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Mansa musa was the most famous ruler of Mali. Also he was supper rich. He was Muslim. He was so rich he caused inflation wherever he went. He was also into education and he built schools and mosques. His son was total weak sauce, and caused the downfall of the empire to raiders and nomads.
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One of the most grotesque things the Aztecs did was make human sacrifices. They did this because they believe that there gods needed human hearts and blood. The priests would slash open peoples chests and take there heart out. They thought if the didn’t sacrifice people the sun wouldn’t rise. There where about 28 sacrifices a day. They sacrifice prisoner and people that hade conquered.
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The Black Death was a plague that lasted from 1347 to 1351. The plague came from the fleas on rats that where brought from traders in Asia. This plague killed one third of the people in Europe.No body knew how to stop it.
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The Incha had two social divisions, which were the upper class and the lower class. The upper class consists of the emperor, priests, and government officials. The lower class consists of farmers,artists, and servants. The unique thing about he Incha social structure is that all the people in upper class got the same pay, and all the people in the lower class got the same pay.
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Many Muslims studied philosophy of rational thought. But some studies spiritual issues. Because of the a new movement as started, Sufism. Sufism is when you believe that you can get to gods love by having a relationship with him.
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Henry the navigator starts a school-1416
Columbus sails the ocean blue-1492
Magellan sails around South Africa’s tip-1519
Copernicus says the sun is the center of the solar system-1530
Galileo studies the planets with a telescope-1609
Isaac Newton publishes the principia Mathematica-1687 -
Mehmed the II was an emperor who ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1451 to 181. He captured Constantinople and renamed is Istanbul. He improved many places that had been affected by war in Istanbul.
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Nicholaus Copernicus was the first man to come up with the theory of the sun being the center of the solar system. This caused disturbance in the church because they believed that earth was the center of all things.
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The ninety five theses was a list of complaints about the church written by Martin Luther. He nailed this document to the door of the church. This theses caused the Reformation to occur, though Luther only wanted the church to fix the problems not split the church.
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In 1492 Columbus set sail in hopes to make it to Asia, but instead he discovered the Americas. He called the native people Indians not knowing they where native Americans. Sadly Columbus lived the rest of his life thinking he discovered a new way to India.
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The Colombian exchange was the sharing of ideas,plants and animals between the Americans and Europe. Some of the things that was brought from America to Europe was potatos,pineapples, and turkeys. This exchanges help to have a large variety of food on yourdinner plat to this day.
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William Shakespeare was a playwrighter that lived in the renaissance. He is considered on of the greatest of all time. On of his most common plays is Romeo and Juliet. Romeo and Juliet is a romantic tragedies about how Romeo and Juliet fall in love.
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John Locke was an English philosopher would had a major impact on Enlightenment political thought. He believed that the governments power was limited and that people have natural rights. These rights where the rights to life, liberty, and property.
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1642-Civil war begins in England
1690- John Locke argues that government’s power should be limited
1759-Mary Wollstonecraft
1776-The American colonies declare their independence
1789- The French Revolution begins -
The Enlightenment was the time when people used reason in guiding there thoughts about philosophy,society, and politics. This time caused the world to change in many ways.
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The Declaration of Independence was the document declaring the American colonies’ independence from British rule. This document ( and success of the colonist) has greatly impacted the world today. Without it America probably would not be a country and most of the world would still be under British rule. The Americans success has caused other countries to realize they can break free and become there own country.
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The This document was made to guarantee some freedoms for citizens and distribut the payment of taxes more fairly. This was made after the French peasants revolted against the French government. The Pesants won there fight.
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The Rosetta Stone was one of the most important artifacts found.It Was written by the Egyptians and had several languages on it. It has therefor helped us to translate hieroglyphics
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Mohandas Gandhi was Avery important leader for India. He used nonviolence to lead a revolution against the British that ruled over at the time. Using this tactic he successfully won India its independence.
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The siesmograph was on of China's most impressive achievements. The seismograph is used to detect from witch way an earth quack came from.
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Cleisthenes was The Greek citizen of Athens who started the first Democracy. Democratic government is a very successful and good system that countries around the world use today.
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The Greeks where very skilled in architecture.One of there most common and famous architecting ideas is columns.We can still see many uses for thes columns today for example: The State capital of Washington DC and the Lincon Memorial. We also use there tecneque of making the columns not exactly straight so that they look strait from a few farther away.
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During the time Rome had a Republic they method of checks and balances to make shure that each part of the tripartite didn’t have to much power. Checks and balances are still used to day in government systems.
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the Quran is the holy book for Muslims that contain the messages Muhammad said that he received from God. The Qu an is used by many Muslims to day and as effected the world.
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Many people may not think that we still use silent bartering today but most people do it without even knowing that it shopping online is considered silent bartering. Silent bartering is when you don’t actually meat the person you by a product from. Silent bartering helps the seller to stay safe and how the product was made, product, or found safe.
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Saint Patrick was a monk who traveled to Ireland and helped them to convert to Christianity. Wat he did has helped Ireland to have more Christians to this day.
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Isaac Newton is now one of the most well known scientist of all time. He created the scientific method , Scientific theore, and the laws of gravity and motion. We still use his discoveries to this day.
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Constantine was an emoror of Rome who became Christian. Because of this he made it the official religion of Rome. Constantine has impacted Christianity today by helping it spread by bringing to together the Bible.
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Paper money was a great advancement made by the Chinese. It’s easier to carry paper money around. You will have less of a chance of getting robed because a robber won’t know how much money you have because the won’t be able to see it jutting out of your pockets. Paper money is also easier to make. Paper money has greatly advanced to world today.
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Shinto shrines where made in early Japan and are still seen today. The style is still used to create Shinto shrines to this day.
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The Mayans played a special ball game similar to basketball. They used there head shoulders or hips to hit a ball into a stone ring. This game is a prime example of an early form of basketball that we now use today.
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The Magna Carta is the document made listing the rights of the people and the land in Europe that the king could not ignore. This document has helped start the government we know today.
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One of the most valuable inventions from the renaissance was the printing press. This press allowed document including the Bible to be made much quicker. This technique has helped us to the modern day.
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Soon after farmers settled in Mesopotamia farmers where faced with food surplus. Because they had ubundant food there where places opening up for other jobs like cutting hair, being a potter, or becoming an artist. Social hirerarchy was therefor starte and is now used in modern day.
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I was born because I am awsome
