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19th century begins
19th century begins -
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Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars, also called the Coalition Wars, were a series of conflicts that took place between the First French Empire, under the command of Emperor Napoleon I Bonaparte, and a fluctuating series of European coalitions. -
Morphine
Morphine is an opioid medicine used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Short-acting morphine is used when needed for pain control. The extended-release formulation of morphine is used for the treatment of continuous (all-day) pain. -
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Muhammad Ali modernizes Egypt.
As Wāli, Ali attempted to modernize Egypt by instituting dramatic reforms in the military, economic and cultural spheres. He also initiated a violent purge of the Mamluks, consolidating his rule and permanently ending the Mamluk hold over Egypt. -
The Spanish American Wars of Independence
The Spanish American wars of independence were a series of armed conflicts that took place in the American territories of the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century. -
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China: Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a civil war with great religious and social connotations, which occurred in China between the years of 1850 and 1864, in which the imperial forces of the Qing dynasty and the Celestial Kingdom of the Great Peace, which it occupied for the conflict important areas of southern China -
Revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848, series of republican revolts against European monarchies, beginning in Sicily and spreading to France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire. They all ended in failure and repression and were followed by widespread disillusionment among liberals. -
United States purchased Alaska from Russia.
On March 30, 1867, the two parties agreed that the United States would pay Russia $7.2 million for the territory of Alaska. For less than 2 cents an acre, the United States acquired nearly 600,000 square miles. -
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The First Vatican Council
The first session was held in St. Peter's basilica on 8 December 1869 in the presence and under the presidency of the Pope. The purpose of the council was, besides the condemnation of contemporary errors, to define the Catholic doctrine concerning the Church of Christ. -
19th century ends
19th century ends