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Period: to
Second Great Awakening
Religious revival during early 19th century -
Thomas Jefferson Elected
First peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another -
Marbury v. Madison
Est. principle of judicial review. Decided Feb. 24, 1803 -
Ohio Becomes 17th State
17th US State -
Louisiana Purchase
Acquisition of the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 Million. A total of 826,000 square miles. -
12th Amendment Established
States President and VP run on one ticket. Ratified in 1804 -
Steamboat Created
Robert Fulton responsible for creation, first one called Clermont -
Presidential Election of 1808
James Madison Elected as 4th President -
Battle of Tippecanoe
Fought in Indiana and led on the American side by William Henry Harrison and Shawnee leader Tecumseh. -
Louisiana Becomes 18th State
18th state in US -
War of 1812 Begins
Conflict between the US and the British Empire which lasted 32 months. -
Battle of New Orleans
Battle fought between British Army under Major General Sir Edward Pakenham and US Army under Brevet Army Major General Andrew Jackson -
Second Bank of the United States Founded
located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and the second federally authorized Hamiltonian National Bank during its 20 year charter. -
Election of 1816
James Monroe Elected as the 5th US President -
Indiana Becomes 19th State
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Mississippi Becomes 20th State
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Illinois Becomes 21st State
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Alabama Becomes 22nd State
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Missouri Compromise Signed
Legislation that added Maine to the Union as a free state while Missouri was a slave state to maintain balance of power between the north and south. -
Maine Becomes 23rd State
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Missouri Becomes 14th State
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Monroe Doctrine
US Policy opposing European colonization in America first stated by James Monroe to Congress -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams elected as 6th US President -
Eerie Canal Created
Canal in New York that originally ran 363 miles from where Albany meets the Hudson River to where Buffalo meets Lake Eerie -
Tariff of 1828
Protective tariff passed by Congress to protect industry in northern US. -
Election of 1828
Andrew Jackson elected as 7th US President -
Mechanical Reaper Invented
Created by Cyrus McCormick in 1831. Harvest crops mechanically. -
Clipper Ship Built
First real clipper was Ann McKim in 1832 -
Force Bill
Passed during Nullification crisis and authorized Jackson to use military force against any state resisting protective tariffs. -
Battle of San Jacinto
In present day Harris County, this battle was decisive in the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston against General Santa Anna's Mexican army. It lasted only 18 mintues. -
Arkansas Becomes 25th State
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Election of 1836
Martin Van Buren elected as 8th US President -
Steel Plow Invented
Invented by John Deere, a blacksmith in Illinois in 1837. IT was used for farming to break up tough soil without soil getting stuck to it. -
Michigan Becomes 26th State
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Election of 1840
William Henry Harrison elected as 9th US President. He ran with John Tyler and defeated Van Buren. -
Election of 1844
James K. Polk defeated Henry Clay to become 11th US P
resident -
Florida Becomes 27th State
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Annexation of Texas
Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845 to become the 28th State -
Iowa Becomes 29th State
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Battle of Buena Vista Begins
US army used artillery against Mexican Army forces in the Mexican-American War. -
March on Mexico's Capital
U.S forces under General Winfield Scott invaded Mexico three miles south of Vera Cruz. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Signed
Treaty that resolved peace and unity between the US and Mexican Republic -
Wisconsin Becomes 30th State
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Election of 1848
General Zachary Taylor, a member of the Whig Party was elected as the 12th US President -
Compromise of 1850
5 separate bills passed by Congress to diffuse political confrontation between free and slave states on status of new territories acquired during Mexican-American War. -
Millard Fillmore Becomes President
Following death of Zachary Taylor, Fillmore took office. He was not affiliated with either party. -
California Becomes 31st State
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Uncle Tom's Cabin Published
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe and is an anti-slavery novel. -
Election of 1852
Franklin Pierce was elected as the 14th US President after defeating General Winfield Scott -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Act creating the territories of Nebraska and Kansas and it allowed people to decide whether to allow slavery inside state borders. This repealed the Missouri Compromise -
Leaves of Grass Published
Written by Walt Whitman and it is a poetry collection. -
Pottawatomie Massacre
In response to the sacking of Lawrence, Kansas by pro slavery forces. -
Election of 1856
James Buchanan won in a 3 way race and became the 15th US President. -
Minnesota Becomes 32nd State
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Oregon Becomes 33rd State
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Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin were elected as President and Vice President. Lincoln was the 16th US President. -
South Carolina Secedes
South Carolina secedes from Union
During the presidential election of 1860, Southern leaders told the South to secede from the Union if Lincoln were to win the election because they believed Lincoln was an abolitionist. Abolitionists were people who worked to get rid of slavery. The South was afraid that Lincoln would outlaw slavery while in office. This would have created a problem for the South since its way of life depended on slaves. -
Southern Secession Continues
South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union following Lincoln’s election. Soon after, five more states followed. Within six months, a total of eleven states had seceded from the Union. -
Kansas Becomes 34th State
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First Battle of Bull Run
The First Battle of Bull Run, otherwise known as Manassas, saw its first major land battle on July 21st, 1861. The battle occurred on a small river known as Bull Run near Manassas Junction, Virginia when a Union army of about 35,000 marched from Washington D.C. to attack the main Confederate army. After fighting on the defensive side for most of the day, the Confederates were able to rally together thanks to a brigade led by Thomas J. Jackson who earned his nickname “Stonewall” that day. -
Kansas Admitted to the Union
Kansas was admitted as a free state, the 34th of the US. -
Emancipation Proclomation
issues by Abraham Lincoln in which slaves were declared free. -
West Virginia Becomes 35th State
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Lincoln Announces Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction Plans
Though the emancipation of slaves was an impossible pill for some Confederates to swallow, Lincoln's plan was charitable, considering the costliness of the war. With the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, Lincoln was seizing the initiative for reconstruction from Congress. Some Radical Republicans thought the plan was far too easy on the South, but others accepted it because of the president's prestige and leaders -
Sherman Captures Atlanta
During the Atlanta Campaign, the 90,000 soldiers who marched in the summer of 1864, made 11 stops. Before they captured the city, President Lincoln’s reelection campaign had been in trouble. He was opposed by democrats in favor of a negotiated peace instead, however Lincoln still managed to win and the war continued until September of that year. -
Nevada Becomes 36th State
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Election of 1864
Lincoln was reelected alongside Andrew Johnson as his Vice President and served until his assassination in April 1865. -
Freedman Bureau
As the Civil War ended in 1865, Congress created the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Land, popularly known as the Freedmen's Bureau, to help former slaves make the transition to freedom. Throughout the South, the Freedmen's Bureau established schools and hospitals, helped negotiate labor contracts, leased or sold confiscated lands to the freedmen, and generally tried to protect them from former masters. -
Andrew Johnson Becomes President
Following the assassination of Lincoln, Andrew Johnson took over in April 1865. He served from 1865-1869 as the 17th US President -
13th Amendment Ratified
On this day in 1865, the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, officially ending the institution of slavery, is ratified. "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." -
Ku Klux Klan
A group including many former Confederate veterans founded the first branch of the Ku Klux Klan as a social club in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1866. The first two words of the organization's name supposedly derived from the Greek word "kyklos," meaning circle. In the summer of 1867, local branches of the Klan met in a general organizing convention and established what they called an "Invisible Empire of the South." -
Nebraska Becomes 37th State
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14th Amendment Ratified
The 14th amendment declared rights. It secured the rights of former slaves. The amendment provides a definition of citizenship. -
Election of 1868
/ulysses S. Grant becomes the 18th US President. -
Whiskey Ring Scandal
On May 10, 1875 the Treasury Department, led by Secretary Benjamin Bristow, seized distilleries in St. Louis, Chicago, Evansville and Milwaukee. For many years distilleries had bribed low-salaried revenue agents into looking the other away as they evaded paying millions in federal taxes. distilleries often extended up the hierarchy to the head offices of the Internal Revenue Service and Treasury Department. -
Colorado Becomes 38th State
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Battle of Buena Vista Ends
Battle between American and Mexican forces in which Mexican forces retreated by nightfall