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The House of Burgesses were the first elected local government in the British American colonies. It gave the colonies a sense of independents
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Was the first written framework of government in the U.S. Was one of the first examples of democracy in America.
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Leader of thte Pymouth colony, and signatory of the Mayflower Compact. Wrote "Of Plymouth Plantation." Compiled list around 1630
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Roger Williams founded Rhode Island in 1636. Rhode island emphasized freedom of religion.
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English Philosospher whose ideas impacted the American form of government. Strong central government, Social Contract. Published Leviathan in 1651
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Created in New England to increase chuch membership. Allowed for children of baptized but unconverted church memebers to become members of church.
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Bacon's Rebellion was led by Nathaniel Bacon, who was protesting against the policies of William Berkely. They were rebelling against the unfair treatment of poor frontier settlers.
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A war between the inhabitants of New England and the Wampanoag and Narrangset tribes. Led by Metacom
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Founded Philadelphia. Philadelphia was made up of Quakers. Freedom of Religion
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Wrote that all men have a right to life liberty and property. Wrote "A Secondd treatise of Government in 1689". Believed in social contract.
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Seriesof trials and hearings of young women accused of witchcraft in the Massachusetts colony. Was directed at wealthier women.
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Wrote Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. Was one of the catalysts of the Great Awakening.
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Paved the way for freedom of speech. Zenger wrote criticism of royal governor William Crosby.
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War that started over the land in the Ohio Valley between the British and the French and Indians. Washington fought in this war.
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Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin that proposed a plan to unite the governments of the thirteen colonies
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A tax encacted by the British Parliament that imposed a stamp duty tax on all legal and and commercial documents.
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Issued by Kink George III banning settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. Was laragesly ignored by the colonists
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Indians dissatisfied with with post French and Indian war policies fought against British near Illinois and Ohio River Valley.
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Group of Frontiersman of Scots Irish descent who formed a group in the aftermath of the French and Indian War and Pontiacs Rebellion to retaliate against local Native Americans
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Secret society formed to protest the stamp act in1765. It's main purpose was to protest taxation without representation
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Series of of commercial restrictions adopted by American colonists to protests British taxation without representation
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British imposed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper and tea imported into the colonies
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Killing of five colonists by British soldiers in skirmish. Even though the soldiers were innocent this event greatly angered the colonists.
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Sons of Liberty attack a British ship that had run aground in Rhode Island.
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A protest against the British tax on tea by the sons liberty. Dumped a great deal of tea into the Boston Tea Party
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gave british East India Company a monopoly of tea sales in colonies. Colonists had to pay taxes on tea so consequently the Boston tea Party happened
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Passed by the British to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party. Closed boston harbor, quartering act,
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Amercas lasattempt at peace with Britain.Wanted to avoid war and stay with Britiain if possible
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Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine advocating American independence.
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Document written by Thomas Jefferson that formally declared the independence of the American colonies from Britain. King George largely ignored the document.
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Decisive American victory in the Revolutionary war. Was a turning point in the war
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First constitution of the United States. Lacked national unity.
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Treaty between the rebelling American colonies and Fance after the battle of Saratoga.
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Ended the Revolutionary War. Signed in Paris by King George the III and American Representatives.
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Layed foundations of land policy until Homestead Act in 1862.
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Convention held to discuss reversing barriers between states that had been put in place because of the Articles of Confederation.
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Treaty during the North and South during the constitutional convention. Counted slaves as three fifths of the population to determine state representation
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known as Father of American Industry. Left Britain in 1789 to bring learned industrial talents to America
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List of of rights added to the constitution that gurantees personal freedoms and rights, as well as government limitations.
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Tax rebellion of poor frontier farmers protesting congresses taxation on whiskey which was made from excess grain.
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National Bank first championed by Alexander Hamilton
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Inventor of the cotton gin and interchangeable parts
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Treaty between America and Britain supported by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and George Washington in which the British relinquished Pre-Revolutionary forts.
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Treay between America and Spain fixing Americas southern border, and granting free navigation of the Mississpi in Spanish territory
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Washington warned against party system and getting too involved in foreign affairs.
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Conflict with France during the Adam's administration in which three French diplomats demanded unfair bribes and left the country without discussing with the American diplomats. Led to an undeclared war called the Quasi War.
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Established judicial review, in which the U.S. Supreme Court can rule a legislative act unconstitutional.
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Purchase of western lands by Thomas Jefferson of the U.S. from Napolean of Fance. Increased Americas size.
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Act sponsored by Thomas Jeffferson stating that all exports from the U.S. were illegal. Goal was to get France and Britain to respect americans rights during the Napoleanic Wars.
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Convention held in in Connecticut by the Federalist party in which they compiled a list of grievances against the Democratic Republicans, regarding subjects such as the war of 1812 and states rights. Ultimatesly marked the end of the Federalist Party after Andrew Jackson waas elected to offce.
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Decade following the war of 1812 that marked a strong sense of nationalism across the U.S. No parties, stronger sense of national unity in politics because of President Monroe.
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Ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined border between spain and U.S.
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Granted Missouri statehood as a slave state given that slavery would be banned north of the 36th parallel throughout the rest of the Louisiana Purchase.
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Document created by President Monroe that stated that America essentially was in control of the afffairs of the western hemisphere. Warned against furhter colonization or puppet monarchs by European nations.
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Built to create a navigable water route betweent the Great Lakes and New York and the Atlantic Ocean
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Major proponent for public school reform
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Invented the Mechanical Reaper, which helped agriculture
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Allowed President jackson to use force to collect tarriffs
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Passed by pro southern congressmen to ban thediscussio of slavery in the house
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Social critique written by Alexis Tocquiville. Helped with prison reform.
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Established the legality of labor unions
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Manifest Destiny. Led America during the Mexican war. Took over Oregon and annexed Texas
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Proposed to ban slavery in any land aquired from Mexico
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Conflict with Mexico after U.S. annexed Texas. U.S. won and was granted all land from Texas to California
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Ended the Mexican American war. Extended U.S. Territory by 525,000 miles.
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Womens rights convention in which Elizabeth Cady called for woman's rights and suffrage.
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Made California a free state, ended slave trade in D.C. and strengthened fugitive slave laws
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Party that arose after the collapse of the whig party. Anti Catholic. Anti Immigrant, had some success in elections
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9 slave states hold a convention to determine their best course of action if the Compromise of 1850 passes.
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Came as a result of the compromise of 1850. Shocked northerners into being anti slavery
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Ran against Lincoln. wrote Freeport Doctrine and Kansas Nebraska Act
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An antislavery book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that haelped raise awareness in the north for the abolitionist cause.
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Act passed that repealed the Missouri Compromise, split the Louisiana Purchase in two, allowed popular sovereignty, and led opponents to create the Republican party.
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When giving a speech on the senate floor about the evils of slavery, Charles Sumner publicly denounced Andrew Brooks. Andrew Brooks hen proceeded to beat Charles Sumner severely over the head
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A slave sued for his freedom. Supreme Court ruled that he was not a citizen and had no standing to sue in court. Catalyst for the Civil War
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Attempted to prove that slavery was hurting non slave holding whites
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Proposed during the Lincoln Douglas Debates, during which Stephen Douglas argued that a territory had the right to exclude slavery
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Lincoln and Douglas debated slavery. Douglas said that he supported popular sovereignty while Lincoln opposed the spread of slavery to new territories at all.
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War between the North and South over States Rights that tore the country apart
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Bloodiest day of the Civil War. Led to the Emancipation Proclamation
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Argued that slavery was wrong and God's moral law was above the constitution
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Esatablished in the wake of the civil war to help blacks and poor whites. Most important contribution was providing education to former slaves
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Outlawed slavery
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Declared that everyone born in the U.S. is a citizen, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of slavery
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Gained over 600,000 suppoters. Put much of its effort into creating an 8 hour work day.
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No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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He was a co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.
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Enacted by congress in 1873 to set the specie standard in gold and not silver. Upsetted miners who referred to it as a crime.
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American settlers drove indians off their reservations after they discovered that there was gold there. Custer's last stand, he was killed by Sioux Indians
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Marked the end of the Reconstruction Era by pulling troops out of state politics in the south
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Discriminatory Laws passed in the South near the end of the Reconstrucion Era. Enforced racial segregation.
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Created a dual conage system of silver, known as "limping bimetallism."
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Ex slave who founded the Tuskegee institutue in 1881. Stressed that in order for racial equality to occcur by itself black needed to strive to better themselves through education and hard workd to achieve economic equality. Made Atlanta Compromise Speech.
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Prople of the west began blaming economic troubles and falling wages on Chinese workers. In respnse Congress disallowed Chinese immigrants into the U.S.
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Led to Americas massive expansioin of American steel industry with Carnegie Steel Company that he sold to J.P. Morgan in 1901.
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Established that federal government positions should rewarded on merit rather thatn political affiliation
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Founded by Samuel Gompers the AFL became the largest and most influential labor union in the country
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Made railroads publish standard rates, and prohibited rebates and pools. Was important because it was the governments first attempt to regulate big business.
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indian tribal lands were split into tribal allotments. Provisions were made for indian education and even culture.
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Strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago. Ended by the president due to interference with the mail system.
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Speech made by Booker T. Washington in which he told the black community to educate and better themselves in order to each economic equality which would eventually lead to social equality.
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Leader of Democratic Convention in 1896. His assault on the gold standard resulted in many jobless workers and bankrupt farmers.
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Conflict between U.S. and Spain because in the U.S. intervention in the War of Cuban Independence
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Cuban revolt against Spanish rule. Yellow journalism coverage of Spanish backlash led to the Spanish American war
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Rebellion fought in China started by superpatriot natives against Christians and foreigners.
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J.P. Morgan was a very successful baker who bought steel steel king Carnegie in 1901. Launched U.S. steel land made it the first billion dollar corporation.
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Became president when MCkinley was assasinated. Known for his conservation of national parks, social reform such as the FDA, and the Roosevelt Corollary. Also built Panama canal.
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Said that constitutional rightsdo not automatically extend to U.S. territories.
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Coal mine strike that Teddy Roosevelt negotiated by threatening to sieze the mine and operate it with federal troops.
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Agreement between America and Revolutionary government of Panama agreeing to the U.S. building the Panama Canal
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Extension of the Monroe Doctrine by Teddy Roosevelt in which he extended Americas power in South America by allowing millitary force to be used to protect Americas economic interests
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Ended in New Jersey by a peace treaty negotiated by Teddy Roosevelt that created ill will between America and the two signatories
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Muckracker who published the Jungle to reveal the horrible tings that were hapenning in the meat industry. Inspired reform by Teddy Roosevelt
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Passed by Teddy Roosevelt instituting regulations on the manufacture of food and drugs
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Group of ships sent out by Preseident Roosevelt to travel around the world and show the naval power of the U.S.
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Agreemnet between Teddy Roosevelt and Japan in which Japan agreed to stop immigration flow to America if the U.S. stopped the segregation of Japanese children in public schools.
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Socialist hero of the Pullman stike that ran for president in 1908
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Formed by Teddy Roosevelt in the election of 1912, because he felt that Taft was underming the policies he had instiuted. This led to a split in the Republican Party and the election of democrat Woodrow Wilson as President.
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The tarriffs banks and trusts Woodrow Wilson swore to topple.
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16th- power to tax income by gov. 17th-Constitution calls for the direct election of senators by the voters instead of their election by state legislatures.
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Progressive Democratic president who led America through WWI
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Exempted labor unions from being calleed trusts. Legalized strikes. Added on to the Sherman Act.
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Set in place to regulate unfair trade practices by large corporations. Enabled the government to more easily eliminate monopolies
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Sunk in 1915 by a German U- Boat. was one of the reasons that the U.S. entered WWI
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Pledges made by the German government after the sinking of the two British ships implying the virtual abandonement of submarine warfare.
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Note intercepted from Germany by America, intending to request an alliance eith Mexico in which they would attack America's southern border.
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Doctrine proposed by President Woodrow Wilson. Among the points he advocated self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations
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Treaty of, 28 June 1919, the peace settlement imposed on Germany after WWI
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Wilson envisioned it as an Assembly with seats for all nations and a special council for the great powers. The US voted not to join the League because in doing so, it would have taken away our self-determination, and Congress could not decide whether to go to war or not.
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Established to carry out the eighteenth ammendment which outlawed alcohol
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Prohibition. Forbade sale of alcohol
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Woman Suffrage
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Artist
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Promised to return to normalcy after WWI.Scandals affected his presidency such as the Ohio Gang that had to do with financial jobs that he offered to his friends. Died in his presidency
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Took place during Hardings presidency. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome to private oil companies, without competitive bidding, at low rates.
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Succeeded presidency after the death of Warren G Harding. Restored confidence in the White House after Hardings scandals
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Laws that restricted immigration through quotas.discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and virtually excluded Asians.
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First man to fly across the Atlantic. Spirit of St. Louis was name of plane
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sined on August 27, 1928 by the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Japan, and a number of other countries. Prohibited offensive wars
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Believed in small government and limited federal involvment in peoples lives especially economically. His efforts to stop combat the Great Depression did not work
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Name given to shanty towns built during Hoovers presidency, because of his supposed neglect of the American people during the Geat Depression
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MArch by WWI veteran in order to get promised bonus checks. Were run off the Capitol from orders by Hoover to the Army
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The spcial session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs.
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Shortened Lame Duck Periods
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Repealed Prohibition
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Insured accounts in national banks. Helped banks to recover
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Helped get America out of the Great Depression with the New Deal. Led America through WWII
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Time period in which Franklin Roosevelts economic policies were implemented
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Signed by FDR. Established National Labor Relations Board, and addressed relations between unions and employers.
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federal program of disability and retirement benefits that covers most working people
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Minimum wage ,working hour limits and age limits instituted
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The Grapes of Wrath chronicled the life of a family affected by the Dust Bowl during the Great Depression. Social criticism
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Policy made to preserve neutrality, France and Britain could buy from th U.S. if they payed in full and transported themselves
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Famous American Writer
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America agrred to lend old destroyers to Britain. Ended neutrality
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gave President Franklin D. Roosevelt the powers to sell, transfer, exchange, lend equipment to any country to help it defend itself against the Axis powers.
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FDR and Chuchill met in Morocco to discuss actions following the North African Campaign. Decided to attack southern Italy. Announced the Allies would accept nothing less than unconditional surrender.
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Helped veterans to reintegrate into society with free college and such
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International Peace and Security Organization was an international conference at which the United Nations was formulated
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Succeeded Roosevelt after he died. Best known for his decision to bomb Japan. He also implemented the marshall plan which helped Europe's economy
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Plan for rebuilding Western Europe's economy by Harry Truman
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Became the first black player in major league baseball
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Truman ordered planes to fly over Berlin to drop supplies to prevent the removal of U.S. troops in Berlin. Alson sent several bombers capable of carrying nuclear weapons to England
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Soviet-backed North Koreans invaded South Korea before meeting a counter-offensive by UN Forces, dominated by the United States. The war ended in stalemate
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Famous general serving in WWII, the Cold War, and Korea. Was relieved of duty by Truman because of iinsubordination.
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promised millitary and economic aid to any Middle Eastern Nation resisting communist aggression.
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First artificial satellite to be launched into space. Done by the Soviet Union
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President Eisenhower sent several troops to protect blacks trying to enroll in a desegregated school.
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During President Eisenhowers presidency a U2 Spy Plane was shot down over The Soviet Union
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