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The Portuguese were defeated by the Dutch in a naval battle in the Indonesian Archipelago. -
The Persian army under the command of Imam-Quli Khan, managed to expel the Portuguese from Bahrain, by the order of Abbas I. -
Queen Elizabeth dies at age 69. She is then succeeded by a Calvinist and devout Presbyterian, King James VI of Scotland, who is the eldest son of Elizabeth's cousin, Mary I, Queen of Scots. He soon becomes James I, King of England, Ireland and Scotland. -
African slaves are being transported to the West Indies to replace the African Americans who have passed. A big factor to the decrease in number is the sugar industry which is killing them faster than they can be replaced. -
Sweden fears Habsburg power along the Baltic Sea, so the country joins the Thirty Year's War. Sweden soon invades northern Germany, where they are not welcomed there by fellow Lutherans. -
The town of Boston is founded. -
Even though they are a largely Catholic country, France allied with Sweden and the Dutch, and enter the Thirty Years' War against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. -
Pequot Indians raid and kill 600 members of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. -
After marrying a Portuguese princess, Charles acquires Tangier in North Africa and Bombay on the west coast of India. -
Ivan, brother of Peter, dies. So, at the age of 24, Peter becomes Russia's sole star.