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Period: 100 to
Migrate
This means move from one area or country to settle in another, especially in search of living. Many people migrated to North America in search of food and life. There were nomads and hunters and gatherers. -
Dec 6, 1215
Magna Carta
a charter agreed by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons. -
Period: Dec 6, 1300 to
Rennaisance
This was the time period bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age. This sparked exploration to the Americas. -
Period: Jan 1, 1400 to
Northwest Passage
The Northwest Passage is a sea route connecting the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.The various islands of the archipelago are separated from one another and from the Canadian mainland by a series of Arctic waterways collectively known as the Northwest Passages or Northwestern Passages. -
Dec 6, 1400
Adobe
Adobe was a type of housing used in the Americas. It was mud dried bricks that where built up to make homes. Many settled hunters and gatherers used this. -
Period: Aug 5, 1415 to Apr 25, 1431
Prince Henry the Navigator
He was known as the patron of Portugese exploration. He was fascinated with Africa and hired many explorers to travel the south seas. He was over the project discovering the Cape of Good Hope. -
Period: Dec 6, 1450 to
Joint Stock Company
A joint-stock company is a business entity where different stocks can be bought and owned by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by his or her shares. This was sparked up in the world for trade. -
Period: Apr 3, 1492 to
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life. -
Period: Aug 3, 1492 to Dec 6, 1502
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus traveled the ocean for Spain and he found the New World. He was working under Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain. He was looking for precious materials and a quicker route to India, but found a whole new world. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Conquistador
This term is used for men from Europe who went west to conquer the new lands. They were from Spain, Portugal, and France. They went to North America, South America, and the Carribean. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Middle Passage
African slaves were thereafter traded for raw materials, which were returned to Europe to complete the "Triangular Trade". The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. -
Period: Oct 8, 1500 to
Puritan
The Puritans were a group of English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries. They sought to purify the Church of England from all Roman Catholic practices. They maintained that the Church of England was only partially reformed. -
Period: Oct 8, 1500 to
Mercantilism
Mercantilism was an economic theory and practice, dominant in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century, that promoted governmental regulation of a nation's economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers. It was the economic counterpart of political absolutism or absolute monarchies. Mercantilism includes a national economic policy aimed at accumulating monetary reserves through a positive balance of trade, especially of finished goods. -
Period: May 6, 1519 to Mar 6, 1521
Hernan Cortes
Cortés became allies with some of the native peoples, but he used deadly force to conquer Mexico. Cortés left the city after learning that Spanish troops were coming to arrest him for disobeying orders. He returned to Tenochitilán to find a rebellion in progress. The Aztecs eventually drove the Spanish from the city, but Cortés returned again to defeat them and take the city in 1521. -
Apr 8, 1520
Moctezuma
Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin was the ninth tlatoani or ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520. The first contact between indigenous civilizations of Mesoamerica and Europeans took place during his reign, and he was killed during the initial stages of the Spanish conquest of Mexico, when Conquistador Hernán Cortés and his men fought to escape from the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan. -
Period: Jan 1, 1580 to
Mestizo
This is a term traditionally used in Spain and Spanish America to mean a person of combined European and Amerindian descent, or someone who would have been deemed a Castizo. The term was used as an ethnic/racial category in the casta system that was in use during the Spanish Empire's control of their New World colonies. -
Period: Apr 6, 1580 to
John Smith
John Smith, Admiral of New England, was an English soldier, explorer, and author. He was knighted for his services to Sigismund Bathory, Prince of Transylvania, and his friend Mózes Székely. He had an affair with Pocahantas. -
Period: to
Salutary Neglect
Salutary neglect is an American history term that refers to an unofficial and long-term 17th & 18th-century British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obedient to England.Prime Minister Robert Walpole stated that "If no restrictions were placed on the colonies, they would flourish".This policy, which lasted from about 1607 to 1763, allowed the enforcement of trade relations laws to be lenient. -
House of Burgesses
With its origin in the first meeting of the Virginia General Assembly at Jamestown in July 1619, the House of Burgesses was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies. The first assembly met on July 30, 1619, in the church at Jamestown. Present were Governor Yeardley, Council, and 22 burgesses representing 11 plantations (or settlements) Burgesses were elected representatives. -
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by separatist Congregationalists who called themselves "Saints". Later they were referred to as Pilgrims or Pilgrim Fathers. They were fleeing from religious persecution by King James of England. -
Period: to
William Penn
He was English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He was an early advocate of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his good relations and successful treaties with the Lenape Native Americans. Under his direction, the city of Philadelphia was planned and developed. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. The colony's dismissive policy as it related to the political challenges of its western frontier, combined with accumulating grievances (including leaving Bacon out of his inner circle, refusing to allow Bacon to be a part of his fur trade with the Native Americans, and Doeg tribe Indian attacks), helped to motivate a popular uprising against Berkeley, who h -
Habeus Corpus
This is a legal action or writ by means of which detainees can seek relief from unlawful imprisonment. A writ of habeas corpus is known as the "the great and efficacious writ in all manner of illegal confinement", being a remedy available to the meanest against the mightiest. It is a summons with the force of a court order; it is addressed to the custodian and demands that a prisoner be taken before the court, and that the custodian present proof of author -
English Bill of Rights
The Meaning and Definition of the English Bill of Rights: The 1689 English Bill of Rights was a British Law, passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1689 that declared the rights and liberties of the people and settling the succession in William and Mary following the Glorious Revolution of 1688. -
Period: to
Great Awakening
The term Great Awakening can refer to several periods of religious revival in American religious history. Historians and theologians identify three or four waves of increased eligious enthusiasm occurring between the early 18th century and the late 19th century. -
Period: to
Cash Crops
A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit. It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm. The term cash crop is applied exclusively to the agricultural production of plants; animal agriculture is not a part of the terminology. -
Period: to
Indentured Servant
Indentured servitude was a labor system where people paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for a certain number of years. It was widely employed in the 18th century in the British colonies in North America and elsewhere. -
Period: to
Tariff
A tariff is a tax on imports or exports. Can be an international trade tariff. In other languages and very occasionally in English, "tariff" or its equivalent may also be used to describe any list of prices. -
Period: to
Iroquis League
The five Iroquois nations, characterizing themselves as “the people of the longhouse,” were the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. After the Tuscarora joined in 1722, the confederacy became known to the English as the Six Nations and was recognized as such at Albany, New York -
Period: to
John Jay
John Jay was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, signer of the Treaty of Paris, and first Chief Justice of the United States. Jay served as the President of the Continental Congress. He wrote some of the Federalist Papers. -
Period: to
Enlightenment
The Enlightenment, known in French as the Siècle des Lumières (Century of Enlightenment), and in German as the Aufklärung, was a philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century. The principal goals of Enlightenment thinkers were liberty, progress, reason, tolerance, and ending the abuses of the church and state. -
Period: to
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton was a Founding Father of the United States, chief staff aide to General George Washington. He was one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the U.S. Constitution, the founder of the nation's financial system, the founder of the Federalist Party. -
Period: to
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837, seeking to act as the direct representative of the common man. Andrew Jackson was elected by popular vote; as President he sought to act as the direct representative of the common man. Jackson prospered sufficiently to buy slaves, he also was bad to Native Americans. -
Period: to
Presidio
A native american residency in San Francisco. The US took it over in the 1800s. It is now a reservation you can visit. -
Period: to
Henry Clay
He promoted the American System and contributed a great deal in making America a better economy. -
Period: to
Articles of Confederation
After considerable debate and alteration, the Articles of Confederation were adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. This document served as the United States' first constitution, and was in force from March 1, 1781, until 1789 when the present day Constitution went into effect. -
Period: to
Interchangeable Parts
Eli Whitney demonstrated the first making of interchangeable parts that are exactly alike and can be interchangeable with others. They allowed muskets to work better but still be the same function as before. -
Period: to
Separation of Powers
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Period: to
Checks and Balances
By creating three branches of government, the delegates built a "check and balance" system into the Constitution. This system was built so that no one branch of our government could become too powerful. Each branch is restrained by the other two in several ways. For example, the president may veto a law passed by Congress. -
Period: to
Judicial Review
Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the judiciary. A court with judicial review power may invalidate laws and decisions that are incompatible with a higher authority, such as the terms of a written constitution. -
Period: to
Loose Construction
Loose construction is favored by people wanting more constitutional flexibility. Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton favored this. It is a government that wants to have more freedom. -
Period: to
Strict Construction
Strict construcltionalists were John Adams who wanted the federal government to have all the power. This is about having an extremely centralized government. Federalists liked this. -
Period: to
Cabinet
The Cabinet of the United States is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States, who are generally the heads of the federal executive departments. The existence of the Cabinet dates back to the first President of the United States, George Washington, who appointed a Cabinet of four people: Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson; Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton; Secretary of War Henry Knox. -
Period: to
Limited Government
Limited government is a principle of classical liberalism, free market libertarianism, and some tendencies of liberalism and conservatism in the United States. A constitutionally limited government is a system of government that is bound to certain principles of action by a state constitution. -
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Shay's Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. This was farmers for many taxes, like the whiskey tax. Corn farmers were very mad. -
Great Compromise
The Connecticut Compromise was known as the Great Compromise of 1787 or Sherman's Compromise. It was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States. -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom Ordinance or The Ordinance of 1787) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States (the Confederation Congress), passed July 13, 1787. -
The Federalist
The Federalist is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution. This wanted the United States to be started off well. They needed a document to start doing things. -
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Marbury v Madison
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. William Marbury Petitioned against James Madison. -
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2nd Great Awakening
The United States of America created a religious movement revivals to show the idea that making money and practicing religion weren't exclusive. -
Period: to
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion, also known as the Whiskey Insurrection, was a tax protest in the United States. It began in 1791, during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. -
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American System
Promoted by Henry clay, this hoped to unite the regions to make them stronger. This was made to make a strong stable economy that could be self sufficient. -
Period: to
Cotton Gin
Invented by Eli Whitney to make the production of cotton easier and more efficient. This set the South on a different course of development than the North. -
Period: to
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills that were passed by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress. They were signed into law by President John Adams in 1798, the result of the French Revolution and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War. These were laws against immigrants. -
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Nullification
A state that refused to recognize an act of Congress. These acts were considered unconstitutional. -
Period: to
Bicameral Legislature
A bicameral legislature is one in which the legislators are divided into two separate assemblies, chambers or houses. This was prevalent in American History because this was the creation of our government. This is used to help power issues. -
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Underground Railroad
Conductors hid fugitives and the slaves who ran away could be escorted across tunnels to flee from being slaves. This allowed slaves to run away and be free from slavery. -
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Nat Turner
Born into slavery in 1800, he was chosen to lead people out of bandage. Got captured by state and federal troops after killing almost 60 white inhabitants. -
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Utopian Community
Some of optimistic religious and social reforms experimentalists groups tried to make an ideal place. -
Period: to
Mormon Movement
Religious community that migrated westward along the Oregon Trail, played a major role in the settling of the West. Many now live in the same places as previously settled. -
Period: to
Dorothea Dix
Joined the social reform by personal experience and discovered jails. Housed mentally ill people then decided to persuade states to open up mental hospitals. -
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Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase (1803) was a land deal between the United States and France, in which the U.S. acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million. This was a cheap buy, they stole from france pretty much. This was Napoleon Bonaparte selling the land. -
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William Lloyd Garrison
Most radical and white abolitionist took part in religious reform movements and started his own paper “The Liberator”. -
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Erie Canal
One of the most impressive projects linking the Hudson river to Lake Erie. It was a canal stretching over 363 miles and took 8 years to make. It was a shorter route from point A to point B. -
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War Hawks
The War Hawks were a coterie of about twenty Democratic Republicans who persuaded Congress into supporting a declaration of war against Britain. These young, vocal members from the South and the western U.S. were voted into the House during mid-term congressional elections in 1810. Henry Clay led the War Hawks. -
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
She was a student abolitionist and se published Tom’s cabin, a book about a life of a slave. She predicted the way a slave lived and created an incorrect image of slavery of how the North sees it. -
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Impressment
Impressment, colloquially, "the press" or the "press gang". It refers to the act of taking men into a navy by force and with or without notice. Navies of several nations used forced recruitment by various means. -
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Hartford Convention
The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 – January 5, 1815 in Hartford, Connecticut, United States. the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government. The federal government had too much power. -
Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1814 in the city of Ghent. This was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom. It officially was signed on December 24th, 2015. -
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Held a woman’s right movement with Matt given women the first look at quality. -
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Popular Soverignty
Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people is the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power. -
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Missouri Compromise
Led by Henry Clay, it was a temporary solution of the crisis with a feries of agreements collectively called the Missouri compromise This was a big fix to agreements setting aside to find a permanent fix. -
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Monroe Doctrine
President Monroe wrote this in 1823 making a warning to all outsiders of power not to interfere in the west. This helped keep America independent. -
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Tariff of Abominations
Referred to by John C. Calhoun, it was an agricultural region dependent on cotton. It was important because this region competed with the South in the world market. -
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Jacksonian Democracy
Created by Andrew Jackson, it was a form of democracy in the mid 1800’s that created the beliefs around Andrew Jackson. This provided a group who agreed with Jackson close to power. -
Indian Removal Act
Passed by congress. It moved the indians west so America could take more land. This moved the indians and payed them off so they wouldn't fight it. -
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Abolition Movement
A movement to get rid of slavery. Abraham Lincoln was an abolitionist. The Union side of the Civil War was also. -
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Lone Star Republic
The territory of Texas that had their own army and navy and proudly flew their new flag with a gold lone star. They were sparsely populated. -
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Dred Scott
A slave from missouri whose owner died and he began a lawsuit to become a free man because he lived in free territory. He was one of the first slaves to try to win his freedom. He was unsuccessful. -
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Manifest Destiny
Many Americans expressed their belief that the US destiny was to expand to the Pacific ocean and Mexican territory. -
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Wilmot Proviso
David Wilmot introduced an amendment that slavery nor involuntary servitude should exist. California and territories such as Utah and New Mexico would be closed to slavery forever. It divided the congress along regional lines and created angry people. -
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Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Hidalgo signed by America and Mexico, Mexico agreed to the border for Texas and sold New Mexico and California to the US. -
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California Gold Rush
Forty miners flocked to California from Asia, South America, and Europe to mine gold that was supposedly the best placed to mine gold at. This made California a very popular place. -
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Seneca Falls Convention
A woman’s right convention by Lickelta Malt and Elizabeth Stanton. -
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Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay worked to compose this compromise. California was admitted a free state, Utah and New Mexico would decide over popular Sovereignty. This created a perfect balance of slave and free states. -
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Gadsen Purchase
Franklin Pierce authorized his embassy to pay Mexico additional 60 million for another piece of territory South of the Gila River. This allowed the US to acquire more land from Mexico. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
Douglas introduced a bill to divide an area into 2. It divided the territory into Kansas and Nebraska and it left the fort of new territories to fend for themselves. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´. -
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Harper's Ferry
Virginia now west virginia. John Brown led a band of 21 men both black and white into the ferry. He led them to seize the federal arsenal and start a general slave uprising. He was unsuccesful, but thought of himself as God. -
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Confederate States of America
Delegates from the secessionist states met in Montgomery Alabama. This closely resembled the united states and protected and recognized slavery in the new territories. These were led by Jefferson Davis. -
Fort Sumter
Gen Beauregard (confederates) attacked Gen R. Anderson (Union) at the fort Charleston, South Carolina The Confederates opened fire on the Union when they didn't surrender the fort. Only 1 Union soldier died. Abe Lincoln resupplied fort and this was the first battle of the CIVIL WAR. Result: Many Northerners enlisted for the Union, it made people realize war was upon them -
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The Anaconda Plan
Who: General Windfield Scott Blockade the salt water ports in the South and stop Mississppi river. This would "strangle" them and their resources. The 4 Main Parts;
1. blockade exports
2. divide South with controlling Mississppi
3. Capture and take control of Tennessee River
4. Capture Richmond, Virginia. The capital of the Confederate States. Used in:
Battle of Hampton Roads/Shiloh/Antiem/New Orleans
Had about 60-80,000 men in the plan
Effectiveness: Could have had more potential if earlir -
1st Battle of Bull Run
Fairfax Couty and Prince William County, Virginia
"First Manassas" called by the Confederates
both forces had 18,000 poorly trained troops
Beauregard/Johnston vs. McDowell
Confederates traveled by rail and Union was just slow, giving them arrival time
Result: Goal for Union was to march to C capital. C was there to recieve these troops, and Gen McDowell (Union) unwillingly fought and lost
WHY: first major land battle, realized that there were many more battles to go. -
Lincoln's call for help
North got surprise beaten. Lincoln signed a bill to call for efforts to rebuild and army. -
Battle of Shiloh (early bloodiest, showed the real brutality of war)
Pittsburgh Landing, Hardin County, Tennessee
Grant (30,000)/Buell(50,000) vs. Johnston(45,000)/Beauregard
Casualties 13,000(Union), 10,700(Conf) Union captured Ft. Donelson and Henry in Feb, allowed them to head South to Tennessee. Johnston(Conf) was already ready to recieve the Union, and were initially successful. Confederates were using the Hornet's Nest rd and caught high ground with Shiloh chapel. By the end of the day, the Union regrouped. JOHNSTON dies, Beauregard takes over. Union wins. -
2nd Battle of Bull Run
This battle decided the Civil War campaign in Prince William County, Virignia. Gen. Pope and McClellan (U) thought they caught Gen. Lee (C) off guard, but were mistaken. The Confdarates took a victory. -
Battle of Antietam
Antietam Creek, in Sharpsburg, MD.
McCellan vs. Lee
McCellan was defensive and then Lee baited him into attacking first. McClellan went into it with the mentality of not losing.
There was a linear formation of shooting, so it was the bloodiest battle for both sides.
Women dressed as men to get into battle. Clara Barton was in this war.
It was a draw, but the Union considered victory.
The Emancipation Proclamation was a direct result, this allowed Af-Americans to fight in the war. Lifted Nmoral -
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Battle Of Fredericksburg
Burnside/McCellan vs. Lee
Lee was weak, but McCellan didn't attack so Burnside had to take over.
The Confederates won because Burnside has horrible tactics. Lee had the best, which overpowered the Union even though they had 40,000 more men (120,000 vs 80,000)
Women held sewing circles and made bandages and blankets. Some were spies as well. Free African Americans would join the North and some were forced by masters. They didn't recieve the same pay.
This battle led to the "Mud March" (Jan) -
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Battle of Chancellorsville
Chancellorsville, Virginia
Union (97,000) Gen. Hooker, lost bc they left the high plateau of Hazel Grove
Conf (57,000) Gen. Lee, they killed Stonewall Jackson accidentally. They split army(fact of luck) and won.
What the Hell Did this do: Lee x Potomac & invaded Maryland & Penns, SJackson died(best gen), Hooker retired bc shame, and Meade replaced him.
Confederates pushed up, they gained morale -
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Siege of Vicksburg
Confedarates were being sieged by the Union. They failed with a lot of casualties. Long term Union benefits, they also used guerilla warfare. Permberton(C) wanted Grant to surrender Grant(U) and Grant won & paroled them on July 3rd. -
Battle of Gettysburg
In Adams County, Pennsylvannia the Union forces under Gen. Meade held up impressive defense for three days. Gen. Lee kept trying to capture and puncture the ranks but failed, and the battle ended on July 3rd, where Gen. Lee led Pickett's Charge and failed. This battle went down in history as the turning point in the Civil war, showing Gen. Lee's plans beginning to fail and Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address which justified the war. -
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Battle of Petersburg
Petersburg, Virginia
Grant with 62,000 men(U) used trenchwarfare and caused the largest siege in American Hisotry. he cut off Lee's (C) supply lines. The Confederates only had 42,000 men. -
Battle of Atlanta
Union won, with Sherman (U) vs. Hood (C) Increased Northern Morale and helped Abe Lincoln get re-elected.
Atlanda became capital of Georgia.
The battle tactics were L shapes and they took a lot of Confederate supplies from Atlanta because that was their center for supplies.
Women and slaves helped in their own ways like nursing or fighting. The women were physically and politically advantageous. The South had an advantage though, they new the area. Song: "The Burning of Atlanta" -
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Sherman's March to Sea
Total decimation by Sherman and Grant. Harmed economy and killed Southern morale. They also freed a lot of slaves along the way. Song: "Marching Through Georgia" -
Appomattox Court House
At the Appomattox Court House Lee (C) surrendered to Grant (U) peacefully. This killed Southern morale because Lee was their best general that won them many battles. The North let the armies go peacefully and with food, to recover and rejoin the Union. This ended the Civil War
