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Franz Ferdinand was the Archduke of Austria. His assassination by the Black Hand was the primary cause of WWI.
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Austria-Hungary demanded friendly relations between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, and issued the July Ultimatum. The Serbs agreed to the document except point 6, which allowed for an Austrian prescence in all Serbian investigations.
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This plan prepared Germany to fight in the War on 2 fronts:
The East Side- This front was primarily for battles with Russia.
The West Front. This was meant for the Western European Countries, primarily France. -
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In some battles, troops would dig trenches on the battlefront, where they were fairly sheletered from infantry and artillery fire. The down side to this was that there was very little ground made toward the enemy, so these battles would wage on for months.
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Germany took this 8 kilometer strip of land during the Race to the Sea, where Germany and France constantly tried to outflank the other throughout North-eastern France.
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WWII was probably one of the most expensive and devestating wars in the history of the World