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Tied Austria-Hungary and Germany together as part of Bismark's desire to avoid war. They would fight together in WW1
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Germany Austria and Italy formed a central European power bloc. Italy would not accept this as binding when the war began.
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A secret agreement that Romania would go to war if the Austro-Hungarian empire was attacked
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He was basically incompetent
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Britain and Germany should, have been friends, but the race created an air of military conflict, i fnot an actual desire for military action
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encircles Germany, much as Bismarck feared
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A secret pact in which France agree to support Italy's claims to Tripoli (modern Libya)
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Agreed between France and Britain. This was not a binging agreement to fight together but moved in that direction.
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An important nail in the coffin of the tsarist regime.
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also known as the Tangier crisis, over who controlled Morocco: France or the Sultanate, supported by the Kaiser
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A pact between England and Russia relating tp Persia, Afghanistan, Tibet, another pact which encircled Germany
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This caused a significant rise in tensions in the Balkans.
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Russia now controlled the Bosporus, and Italy retained Tripoli and Cyrenaica.
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Otherwise known as Panthersprung in German, in which the presence of French troops in Morocco led Germany to demand territorial compensation: the upshot was Germany was both embarrassed and militant.
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a fight between Italy and the Ottoman Empire, resulting in Italy's capture of a province in Africa.
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The last of the Entente Cordiale which began in 1904 and included discussions of who controlled Egypt, Morocco, West and Central Africa, Thailand, Madagascar, Vanuatu and part of Canada.
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A European war could have been triggered any time after this point
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Wilson wanted peace.
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Included the Siege of Scutari, between Montenegro and Serbia against the Ottoman Empire; the first of several crises in which Serbia refused to give up Scutari.
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Military leaders and Serbia and Russia continue to battle over Scutari.
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Prussian general Liman headed a mission to take control of the garrison at Constantinople, effectively giving Germany control of the Ottoman empire, which the Russians objected to.
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By now the "Great Powers" of Europe had already come close to war several times thanks to the Balkan, Moroccan and Albanian disputes; passions ran high and the Austro-Russo-Balkan rivalry remained deeply proactive.
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Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by a Bosnian Serb nationalist. Austria suspects Serbia is responsible.
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Germany declares war on Russia, France and Belgium. Britain declares war on Germany. Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia. France and Britain declare war on Germany. Austria-Hungary declares war on Belgium. The United States declares it's neutrality.
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They are stopped at the first battle of the Marne. The Schieffen Plan fails.
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Attempting to outflank each other, Allied and German troops were unable to win a decisive victory, leading to the onset of trench warfare.
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Zeppelin raids on Great Britain began, bringing the war home to British civilians.
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Germany initiates a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, whereby all merchant ships, including those of neutral countries, would be subject to attack.
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Germans launch the first successful gas attack in history. By the end of the war, both Allied and Central Powers will have used chemical weapons.
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British and French troops, including Australians and New Zealanders (ANZAC) land on the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman Empire.
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German U-boat torpedoes the Lusitania, a British passenger liner. 128 Americans are killed.
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Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary, entering World War I on the side of the Allies.
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Allied troops move through Mesopotamia to capture Baghdad from the Ottomans.
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A combined force of Austro-Hungarians and Germans (and later Bulgarians) invade Serbia. After weeks of stubborn fighting, the Serbian Army was forced to retreat through Montenegro and Albania.
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Hoping to "bleed France white," the German Army launches a major offensive against the symbolic fortress of Verdun. Fighting will not end until after December.
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Around 20,000 French women and girls are deported from industrial cites like Lille to perform forced agricultural work in other parts of occupied France.
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Great Britain and France secretly sign the Syke's-Picot Agreement. Assuming they will defeat the Ottoman Empire, they divide the Middle East. France claims Syria and Lebanon. Britain claims Jordan, Iraq, the Gulf states and the Palestine Mandate.
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In the largest naval battle of the war, Britain's Royal Navy Grand Fleet and he German Navy's High Seas Fleet fought to a draw.
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Arab nationalists revolt against Ottoman rule in the "Great Arab Rising."
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After a seven-day artillery bombardment, Allied troops launch an offensive meant to divert German troops from Verdum. The British suffered around 50,000 casualties on the first day and fighting continued until November.
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After Germany resumes its campaign of unrestricted submarine warfare, the U.S. servers diplomatic relations with Germany
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British intelligence intercepts the Zimmermann Telegram, a secret communication from Germany proposing an alliance with Mexico should the United States enter world War I.
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A U.S. cargo ship bound for France called the SS Aztec, sunk by Germany
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U.S. President Woodrow Wilson Delivers a war message to Congress, famously stating that "the world must be made safe for democracy."
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Following passage of the war resolution by the Senate and the House, the Unites States is officially at war with the German Empire.
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Having traveled on a sealed train from Switzerland, Vladimir Lenin returns to Petrograd (St. Petersburg) after a decade of exile to personally lead the Russian Revolution.
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The U.S. Congress authorizes the Selective Service Act, initiating the first military draft since the Civil War.
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General John J. Pershing selected as commander of the American Expeditionary Forces.
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Congress passes the Espionage Act, making it a crime for any person to convey information intended to interfere with the prosecution of the war effort or to promote the success of the country's enemies.
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Allied troops, largely those from the British Empire, launch an attack to seize key ridges near Ypres. They achieve victory, but only after months of fighting in horrific conditions and sustaining heavy casualties.
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Britain issues Balfour Declaration, a statement of support fo rthe establishment of a Jewish nation in Palestine.
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Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks assume complete control over the new Soviet Russian state.
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A French munitions ship collides with a Belgian relief ship resulting in 11,000 casualties.
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The British capture Jerusalem from the Ottomans.
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U.S. President Woodrow Wilson outlines his Fourteen Points for peace.
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Russia and Germany sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, officially removing Russia from World War I.
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Camp Funston at Fort Riley, Kansas makes the first report of influenza. The disease spreads overseas to the Western Front. Over the next year this "Spanish Influenza" kills 20 million worldwide.
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In its first major battle of World War I, American troops captured the town of Cantigny, depriving the Germans of any important observation point.
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Bolsheviks murder the former czar of Russia, Nicholas II, and his family
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Marks a major turning point in the fighting on the Western Front. Two days after its conclusion, the British attack at Amiens is called the "Black Day of the German Army."
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The First major offensive operation by General John J. Pershing's American Expeditionary Forces.
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After a short artillery bombardment, American and French troops advance toward German positions in the Argonne Forest and along the Meuse River. The largest offensive in U.S. history, it played a major role in bringing about an end to the war.
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Austro-Hungarian forces are severely defeated by the Italian Army, ending the war on the Italian Front and ushering in the final dissolution of the Austro-Hingarian Empire.
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German Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates and flees to Holland. German Republic (later the Weimar Republic) proclaimed.
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Having been given 72 hours to agree to Allied demands, Germany signs the armistice. Supreme Allied Commander Marshal Ferdinand Foch orders that all hostiles on the Western Front cease at 11 a.m. Paris time.
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Allied troops move into Germany and begin occupation.
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Yugoslavia, a kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is proclaimed and independent state.
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At the Paris Peace Conference, Allied nations propose constitution for the League of Nations to promote international cooperation.
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Germany is forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles. Germany cedes Alsace-Lorraine to France, recognizes Belgian sovereignty, disarms and agrees to pay war reparations.
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Based on objections to the League of Nations, the Senate refuses to ratify the treaty. The U.S. would never ratify the treaty or join the League of Nations.
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The Treaty of Severs officially ends the war between the Allies and the Ottoman Empire and marks the beginning of the latter's partitioning. Only the territory that becomes Turkey is independent of British and French control.