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Murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and His Wife
The royal couple traveled to Sarajevo, Bosnia. They were shot, point-blank as they drove down the streetsin an open-top car. They later found out that the killer, Gavrilo Princip, was a member of a group, called the Black Hand, committed to getting rid of all Austrian rule in Serbia. Austria then offered Serbia a deal to not revolt, which was not accepted by the Serbians, and began the first World War. -
Period: to
World War I
The first World War that devastated Europen infastructure. It tore empires apart, but united others. -
German War Declaration
After Austria declared war on Serbia, Russia, Sebia's ally, moved its army to the Austrian border and mobilized along the German border. To Germany, Russia's mobilization of their border was a war declaration directed toward them, so to get a step ahead of the so-called enemy, Germany declared war on Russia. -
First Battle of Marne
German forces invade into France and soon reached the outside of Paris. The Allies attacked German forces in the Marne river valley, northeast of Paris. Taxis rushed as many soldiers as possible to the war front. There was a solid four days of intense warfare and fighting before generals from Germany ordered their troops to retreat from the front. -
The Gallipoli Campaign
This was the effort to assault and capture the Dardanelles strait, in which the city of Constantinople lay upon. On the western side of the strait, Australian, British, New Zealand, and French troops repeatedly made attacks on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Germans and Turks greatly defended the peninsula, but it resulted in another stalemate. They fought until December of 1915, and retreated after losing about 250,000 men. -
Verdun Attacks
The British army came to assist France and attacked the Germans northeast of a town named Verdun, near the Somme River. Each side has lost about half of a million soldiers before the battle ended in November. The Germans only advanced four miles after the battle, near Verdun. The British gained about five miles in the Somme Valley. -
United States Enters World War I
There were many issues with Germany and the German policy of unrestritced submarine warfare against American and British ships. President Wilson strongly protested Germany, to the point where the Germans would stop attacking passenger ships. In 1917, German took back their word and attacked and sank three American ships. Especailly after a note from German Arthur Zimmerman saying Germany would ally with Mexico, President WIlson and the Congress agreed to enter the war on the side of the Allies. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
This was a treaty between Germany and Russia, in which ended the war between these two countries. This occured after Russia exited the war and Czar Nicolas stepped down from his position. Communist power came to rule and was lead by Vladimir Lenin. He wanted to cease all of Russian involvement in the war and the first step he took was to offer Germany a truce. -
Second Battle of the Marne
Allies and Germans fought, battling for the second time near the Marne. The Allies fought with 350 tanks and two million more troops, which crushed German defense as the US advanced toward Germany. The Central Powers, Bulgaria and Ottoman Turks, surrendured, and revolutions began spreading through Austria-Hungary. Germany was humilated and their kaiser was turned on by the citizens. -
Armistice Agreement
Kaiser Wilhem the Second stepped down from power and Germnay declared itself as a republic as a result. A German government representative met with French Commander Marshal Foch, near Paris, in a railway car. Both representatives signed an agreement called an armistice, which ceased all fighting between the two countries. Two days later, World War I came to an end. -
Treaty of Versailles
France, Italy, the United States, and Great Britain met at the Paris Peace Conferece to make a compromise and a treaty to offically end the Great War. There were many differences in peace goals between the countrries, except for all four wanting to strip Germany of its power to begin war. The Treaty of Versailles was signed by Germany and the Allied powers. The League of Nations was a result of the treaty, which was an international group, with the goal of keeping peace within the nations.
