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January is the fist month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the first seven months to have a length of 31 days. The first day of the month is known as New Years Day. It is, on average, the coldest month of the year within most of the Southern Hemisphere ( Where it is the second month of summer. ) In the Southern Hemisphere, January is the seasonal equivalent of July in the Northern Hemisphere and Vise Versa.