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Levene proposed that DNA is made up of equal amounts of adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. He thought that DNA would organized into repeating tetranucleotides. But, the components of chromosomes was based on herdity.
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He found that the lobar pneumonia could transform from one strain to different strain. He discovered that the two strains have two different type of texture. One is smooth strain and other is rough.
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Avery and his colleagues identified the molecules that transferred from the rough strain to smooth strain. Avery sorted the different marcomolecules; DNA, protein, lipids that killed the smooth cells.
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Charfaff discovered the amount of guanine is almost same amount of cytosine, The amount of adenine is almost same amount of thymine, He created a Chargaff's rule: C=G and T=A.
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She used the x-ray diffraction and discovered the double helix.
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They found that the type of virus that attacks bacterica. They jsed radioactive labeling to trace the DNA. There are two components: one is bacteriophage is made out of DNA and proteins, second one is the viruses cannot be replicate themselves.
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They published one page letter journal "Nature". The journal is about suggesting a structure of DNA and hypothesized a method of replication for the molecule.
