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Period: to
New immigration
Most immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe, especially Poland, Italy, Greece and more. Some push factors were oppression, poverty, war, religious ect.
Pull factors were freedom, economic opportunities, and NY woman. New immigrants would ether stay in NY or take trains to were their relatives lived. -
Boss tweed
By mid 1860 he had risen to the top position in the organization and formed the tweed ring which openly bought votes, encouraged judicial corruption extracted millions from city contracts and dominated NY city politics tweed had to flee to us to Spain after he broke out jail for his corruption in politics but was found because of Nast cartoon's ended 1878 he died in prison. -
Homestead act.
The homestead act. encourage western migration by providing land. The only requirement were to pay a small filling fee and living there for five years in a row. This settlement affected the Native American by taking their land and killing their tribe. When they arrived, they found a lil rainfall, few tress, tough soil, extreme temperatures, plagues of grasshoppers, and personal isolation, drilling equipment to dig deep and water wells and windmills. -
Period: to
Cattle drive era
Cattle drive trails started in Texas, went northward and ended in Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska ,and Missouri. Two severe winters and summer killed millions of cattle.
Cattle were shipped to Chicago to be slaughtered bc of high population demand.
Trains and barbwire ended open range. -
Period: to
Rise of labor unions
Purpose- safer working conditions, shorter work days, weekend time off, end child labor
actions used- strikes, violation of property, American federation of labor, riots -
First transcontinental railroad
A continental railroad made things easier to trade from atlantic and pacific coast, it was also cheaper to transport goods-settlers started having battles with native americans because it moved natives into reservations.
Put rails on rich hunting grounds.
Made it easy to transport cattle. -
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Gilded age and westward expansion
Gilded age - period that was glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath. this time period was characterized by economic growth,widespread poverty, westward expansion, and political corruption. -
Chinese exclusionary act
The cause of the Chinese exclusionary act- loan of jobs and low wages in calif that were blamed on the Chinese-Chinese exclusionary act 1882 significant law that restricted immigration into the united states of an ethnic working group. -
Haymarket
Chicago Haymarket square demanding an 8 hr workday and turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at the police trying to break up the demonstration. At least 8 people died as a result of the violence that day, the judge imposed death sentence on seven of the men and the 8th was sentenced to 15 years in prison. -
Opening of full house
Opened its doors for european immigrants located near the west side of Chicago homeless shelter, daycare, and soup chicken.
Founded by jane addams and ellen gates starr -
Bessemer steel process
The mass production of steel from molten pig iron captain of the industry Andrew Carnegie steel corp in 1892. Fuel the great economic expansion of the nineteenth century with wood and irons replaced by steel. -
Period: to
Ellis island
Immigrants from eastern countries that came with tuberculosis or other diseases were sent back. They were not allowed entrance if they had. -
Pullman Strike
The pullman strike was nation wide strike in the U.S on May 11,1894 and turning point for U.S labor. Many of the pullman factory workers joined the american railway union led by eugene v debs, which supported their strike by launching a boycott in which ARU member refused to run trains containing pullman cars. President Cleveland sent military troops to handle the situation.