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New Immigration
-Reasons for these new immigration coming to the US:Belief That America offered freedom & economic opportunity.
Push factor, oppression, poverty, war.
-Came from southern & Eastern Europe.
-Most first arrived in New York City, Ellis Island.
-Either stayed in New York or took a trains to join other relative in other parts of the country.
Type of Work
-Worked at unskilled jobs for long hours at low pay. -
Development of Morse Code & Telegraph
-The telegraph allowed people to communicate across great distances.
-The new technologies telegraph led to was fax machines, cellphones, phones.
-The general route that these lines followed was next to the railroads b/c they would have easy access to work on them. -
Boss Tweed
-By mid 1860 he had risen to the top position in the organization and farmed the tweed ring which openly bought votes, encouraged Judicial corruption extracted millions from the city contract's and dominated New York city politics. Tweed had to flee to U.S to Spain after he broke out of jail for his corruption in politics but was found b/c of hast cartoon's ended 1878 he died in prison. -
Homestead Act.
-The Homestead Act. encourage western migration by providing land.The only requirement were to pay a small filing fee and living there for five years in a row.This settlement affected the Native American by taking their land and killing their tribe.When they arrived, they found little rainfall, few trees, tough soil, extreme temperatures,plagues of grasshoppers, and personal isolation, drilling equipment to dig deep ans water wells and windmills. -
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Cattle Drive Era
-Cattle drive trails started in Texas, went Northward and ended in Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Missouri. Two Severe winters and summer killed millions of cattle.
-Cattle were shipped to Chicago to be slaughtered b/c of high population demand.
-Trains & barbwire ended open range. -
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Rise of Labor Unions
PURPOSE
-Safer working conditions
-Shorter work days
-Weekend time off
-End child labor
ACTIONS USED
-Strike
-Violation of property
-American federation of labor
-Riots -
First Railroad in the US
- It made shipping and other things less expensive and faster and helped store get created -Farmers- railroad grows stimulated the move a farmers westward to sell his goods.
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
-Laisse faire, government was hands off on the businesses.
-Government should not interfere in the operations of the free market.
-Federal law aimed at stopping monopolies from engaging in unfair practices.
-Standard oil was the 1st monopoly the government attempted to stop. -
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Gilded Age and Westward Expansion
-The Gilded Age is defined as the time between the Civil War and World War during which the U.S. population and economy grew quickly,there was a lot of political corruption and corporate financial misdealing sand many wealthy people lived very fancy lives. This time period is characterized by economic growth, widespread poverty, westward expansion, and political corruption. -
The Chinese Exclusionary
-It reflected prejudice at time against Asians in California political Leaders blamed unemployed and a general decline in wages then to speak English to stay in he US they where not allowed to come back -
Hay Market
-On may 4, 1886 a Labor rally near Chicago's Hay market square Demanding an 8hr work day and turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police trying to brake up the demonstration.
-At least eight police died as a result of the violence that day.
-The judge imposed the death sentence on seven of the men and the eight was sentence to 15 years in prison. -
Americanization Day
-Americanization is the process of an immigrant to the United States of America becoming a person who share Americans values, belief and customs and is fully assimilated into American Society.
-The immigrants were taking away from families and land into war.
-The process typically involves learning longish and adjusting to American Culture and customs, while keeping the old foods and religion Americanization Day later turned into July 4th 1890 after World War 1. -
Bessemer Steel Process
-The mass production of steel from molten pig iron.
-Captain of the industry Andrew Carnegie steel corp. in 1892.
-Fuel the great economic expansion of the nineteenth century, with wood and iron is replaced by steel. -
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Ellis Island (NY)
GROUPS
-Norther and Western Europeans.
TREATED
-Had to pass several media and legal inspections before entering America.
RESTRICTIONS
-Those with contagious diseases, poor physique, or feeble mindedness were denied entry. -
Pullman Strike
-The Pullman Strike was a nation wide railroad strike in the United States on may 11,1894 and a turning point for US labor law,, many of the Pullman factory workers joined the American railway union (ARU) led by Eugene v. debs, which supported their strike by launching a boycott in which ARU member refused to run trains containing Pullman cars. President Cleveland sent military troops to handle the situation.