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The colony of Jamestown was formed by the Virginia Company of London. It was the first permanent English settlement in North America.
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The House of Burgesses was the 1st elected Assembly in the New World. Today it is known as the "General Assembly"
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The Mayflower Compact was a document where they agreed to obey laws created for the general goood. This pledged loyalty to God and the king
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Slaves came over from Africa on a huge boat and they called this the Middle Passage. The start of slavery began in 1619 and the slaves would work on the settlers plantations.
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this said that England gained the land west of the Appalachains and the land in Canada from France.
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This prohibited colonist from seetling west of Appalachains. They did this because it coast a lot to protect colonist from Indian attacks there.
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Engaland and America fought against France and the Indians. They were fighting over the land west of the Appalachains and in Canada. England won the war.
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This placed taxes on all legal documents. The Colonist resist the Stamp Act. They try to boycott.
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British troops fired into a mob of colonist. 5 colonist ended up dying.
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England put taxes on tea so the colonist boarded a ship to the Boston Harbor. The colonist threw the tea into the water.
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During this they issused a statement of colonial rights and colonies formed militias. It was also the first time all 13 colonies acted together
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This is the first skirmsh of the war. It took place in Massachsetts.
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Created the Continental Army and George Washington was the general. This also issued the Olive Branch Petition which was rejected.
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The 13 independent states was turned into the United States. American leaders adopted weak national government at end of Revolutionary War because they feared central government like that of England.
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This was issued by the Continental Congree. It was written by Thomas Jefferson.
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Americans and French surrounded Cornwalils/the British. Here Cornwallis surrendered
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During this time the U.S. was under Articles of Confederation.There were msny successes and problems during this time.
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England acknowledged american independence. United states boundaires were between atlantic ocean and mississippi river.
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This was a successes during the critical period. It established plan for surveying western lands.
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Called to settle disputes among states over commrece. Only 5 states showed up
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George Washington and JAmes Madison were the 2 main leaders. There were 2 plans; the virginia plan and New Jersey plan
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This as also a success of the critical period. It provided process for creation and addmission of new states
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Slaves counted as 3/5ths of a person when determining a state's representation in House of Reps
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This was a problem of the critical period. Debt ridden farmers in Massachusetts rebel due to high taxes.
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This created 2 houses; senate and the House of Representatives. Balanches power between large and small states
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The Judiciary Act of 1787 set up the court system. 3 executive departments were created: state, tresury and war.
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This is the 1st-10 amendments. it deals with rights and liberties and was written by James Madison
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George Washinton was the first president of the United States. He was president from 1789-1797.
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He deafeated Thomas Jefferson . He ordered American navy ti attack French ships
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He defeated John Adams. This election was also the first peaceful transfer of power from one party to another.
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THis was in Richmon Virgina. Was a slave trying to make a point.
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Marshall declared law unconstitutional. Established power of judicial review.
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Jefferson bought this from France from Napoleon. It doubled the size of the United States
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happened because britich interferred with Aerican shipping. Also, british aidded Indians to west
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Said state couldnt tax bank due to national supremacy. Esablished doctrine of implied powers.
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Cotton Gin was made by Eli Whitney. Made growing cotton very profitable
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Thid divided the Louisianna purchase. North of the line was free, south of the line was slave.
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TIme when demoncracy in the U.S. expanded and more people got involved in the election process. Americans no longer let aristocrats make decisions.
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Court overturned steamboat monpoly. Confirmed federal government power over commerce.
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Divided LA purchase. North of line was free and south of line were slaves.
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Warned Europe against future colonization in Americans and interference in any independent country in western hemisphere. It was by president monroe.
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Jackson lost to John Quincy Adams in 1824. In 1828 Jackson defeated Adams.
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Passed at Jacksons request. It forced all Indians east of Mississippi River to move to Indiaj Territory.
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Happened in Southampton virginia. Led band of 80 slaves against 4 plantations.
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Texans won independence. Was led by Sam Houston. It established Republic of Texas.
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This was an old mission house. Mexican general Santa Anaa attacked with superior forces.
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1st women rights convention. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the keader.
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Texas became 28th state.
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President James K Polk urged war. He wanted southwest but mexico wouldn't sell it
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Made it easier to catch run away slaves. Many northerners refused to enfore this law.
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CA enters as free state. Southwestern territories would decide on their own.
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Indians were forced off their lands and forced onto smaller and smaller reservations.
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This book was by Harriet Stowe. It was about anti-slavery
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REpealed missouri comp. line by giving KN and NB popular soverignty . They could choose to be slave or no slave.
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Slave named Dred Scott sued for freedom after being taken into free territoy by hos owner.
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The main issue of this was slavery. Abraham won this election
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Gave free land to the public in the West. in 160 acre plots. Only condition is the settlers had to use it for 5 years.
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This was in South Carolina. It was the first battle of the civil war
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Lee went North and lost. Effect is because Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation.
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This was a speech by Licoln. He was dedicating the cemetery to the soldiers in this battle. He made it a key point that U.S. was one nation, not separate states.
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This freed laves in rebellig states. It discouraged foriegn intervention.
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Lee pushed north into pennsylania. 3 day battle and Lee had to retreat. It was turning poin in war.
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In mississippi and geant wins. It cut the confederacy in half.
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Lee surrendered here. Lee urged southerns to accept surrender and unite as americans
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Lincoln was assaassinated shortly after the war. He was assassinated by John Wikes Booth
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This was the process of restoring southern states to union. It also determibed the position of African Americans. This was between 1865-1877
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The 13th amendment abolished slavery. Some would still treat African Americans poorly
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This gave voting rights to African AMericans. People still tried to get around this.
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This was in 1867. It put the south under military occupation.
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Prohibited states from denying equal rights to Americans. it gave citizens to blacks.
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CAme from western and northern Europe. This includeds Germany , Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden.
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This established separate facilities for whites and blacks. Schools, trian cras, ect were all separated on race
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Republicn in this was Rutherford B. Hayes and the Democrat was Samuel J. Tiden. Disputed election results.
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This was founded by Uriah Stephens. It was a union.
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Plan under which Indians would be forced to adopt american culture.
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This banned entry of almost all chinese. Only ones already in U.S could stay.
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Knights of labor protest in chicago. Bomb went off near police.
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The founder was Samuel Gompers. This was considered a craft union
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The goal of this was to Americanize Indians. This broke up reservations and divided them into individual plots.
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This prevented any business structure that restrained trade. Its goal was to outlae monopolies
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Plant manager Henry Frick called the Pinkerton Detective agency. This was a major gun battle.
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Eugene V. Debs was the founder. This was an industrial union.
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This started a nationwide railroad boycott. It was by the pullman railroad workers.
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S.C. said "separate but equal" did not violate the 14th amendment. upheld Jim Crow Laws of segregation.
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U.S. annexed Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Cuba became free.
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The cubans rebelled against spanish rule. The U.S got involved because they had business and strtegic interest in Cuba.
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This was by John Hay. Gave all nations equal trading tights in China.
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She was a strong leader durning the suffrage movement.
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THis was by the Chinese boxers. Its goal was to remove foreign influence.
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THis was a result of the war. U.S. asserted the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
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This was added to the moroe doctrine. REmided europe not to interfere.
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U.S bulit canal that connected the Atlantic and Pacific. It made it easier for travel and trade.
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period from 1919-1930 when africcan americans moved from rural south to nothern cities. They were fleeing in northern industries.
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THis created federal income tax. It is a progressive tax which means higher incomes pay higher rate.
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This stated that voters elect the Senators. THe state legislature does not.
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This expanded the Sherman Anti-trust act and outllawed price fixing. It also exempts unions from sherman act.
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U.S. remanded nutral at first. Allies were great britian, frabce and russia. The centreal powers were germany, austria hungary.
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Creates the FTC. This investigates business practices.
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They enter because of the german submarine warfare, the zimmerman telegram, and the U.S. had close ties to Great britain.
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This was Wilsons peace plan. his goal was to eliminate causes of the war.
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the was the punishmwnt of germany. It also had a league of nations.
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prohibition law. it banned alchol use.
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This gave women the right to vote.
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THis is the early 20th century reform movement. It used the government to institute reforms to fix problems caused by industrialization.
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explosion of black intellectual and cultural life. langston hughes was a black poet
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This was mostly southern and eastern Europe. Areas included Greece, Italy, Poland, Russia, Hungary, Yugoslavia.
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Put a quota of how many immigrnats could come from each country. Allowed more from "old immigrant" areas than "new immigrant" areas.
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Tn teacher John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution. Trail sparked a national debate over evolution.
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THis was a new union. It was an effect of the political unrest
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He was elected in 1928. He believed in Rugged Individualism. Also he favored limited government.
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This was a time of severe economis hardship in the U.S from 1929-1941. The causes were the stock market vrash, failure of the federal reserve, high protextive tariffs, unequal distribution of wealth, and a crisis in the farm sector.
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On this day the stick market crashed. This was one of the reasons for the Great Depression.
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This was a horrible drought in the great plains. THis had an impact on teh farmers.
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FDR propossed this. It had programs: Relief, Reform, and Recovery.
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He was elected in 1932. He promised a new deal
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THis insured bank deposits. ALso regulated banks.
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War in Europe starts soon after WW1. Italy invades Ethiopia to start it off.
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Protected workers rights to form uniona and enegage in collective bargining. This was one of the new deal programs.
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Was biggest new deal progam. Provides safeguards for workers: disability and unemployment compensation and old age pensions.
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Set maximum work hours for workers. Also set minimum wages.
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This pact was signed between Hitler and Stalin. They agreed not to attack eachother
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This drafted 10 million men into WWII. THis was a military resource.
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When this happened, Germany broke the nonaggression PAct. Russia now turns and is now on the allies side.
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Japan bomed the U.S. naval base in Hawaii. This is known as the 'date that will live in infamy.
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After Pearl Harbor U.S. declares War. They move away from being neutral.
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U.S. navy beat a larger Japanese force. This ended the threat to Hawaii.
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This allowed supreme court allowed interment. This happened because japan bombed Hawaii.
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The allies invaded FRance. We came along the beaches and attacked.
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Germans were counteroffensive. The allies soon recovered.
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These were post trials of Nazis for war crimes in the Holocaust. There were many convictions.
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Truman used atomic bomb on this city. He did this beacsue he didnt want to lose countless Americans in an invasion of Japan.
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The uneasy peace after WW2,marked by a rivarly between the U.S, and Soviest Union. Lasted from 1945 to 1991
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Winston Churchill named it the iron curtain. West europe was democratic and east europe was communist.
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Allies from west and soviet union from east overrran germany. germany surreneed.
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Truman decided to use this bomb on Hiroshima. He did this because he didnt want to lose countless AMericans in an invasion in Japan.
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Massive US finicial aid package to rebuild europes economics. Goal was to prevent the spread of communism.
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Deffensive alliance among the US and western european countries. Main goal was to prebent soviet invasion of weatern europe.
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Soviets blockaded west Berlin.TheUS flew in supplies.
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This was led by Mao Zedong. This increased fear of communism world domination.
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Korea divided into North(communist) and south (democratic). North korea invaded south korea.
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Won elections in 1952 and 1956. He had a nuclear policy called the "Massive Retaliation"
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Gave atomis secrets to the soviets. They were electocuted.
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Alliance among soviet union and east european countries. Large military force maintained here.
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This was during the space race. Th soviets launched sputnik first.
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N orth vietname tried to install communist government in south vietnam by force. north vietnam is communist and south vietnam was anti communist.
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He was elected in 1960.His inauguration was "Ask not..."
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Francis Gary Powers was shot down while spying on the Sovietr Union.
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This was the division beween east and west Berlin, This was a big issue.
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The soviets stationed nuclear missiles in Cuba. JFK demanded their removal and blockaded Cuba.
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He was assaassinated in Dallas, TX. He was assinated by Lee Harvey Oswald.
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Johnson ran against Nixon. Nixon won because he pledged to bring the war to an honoraable end.
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This raised oil prices. It was a result of the 1970 crisis.
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He was exploting rife between china and the soviets. He hoped to get china on the U.S.'s side.
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5 men from nixons reelection committee got caught breaking into the democratic campaign headquarters. Nixon was found to be involved.
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in 1973 the last U.S. troops left vietnam. We pulled out.
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1968-1974. He visitedd communist china.
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This was a foreign affair. Carter gave control to Panama.
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President carter delt with this. Peace talks between Egyt and Israel.
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This was a temporary thaw in Cold War tension. It wasa foreign policy.
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During carters presidency. 52 americans held hostage in Iran
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1977-1980. He delt with a worsening economy.
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"Mr.Gorbachev, tear down this wall..." This is an example of when he challenged the moral legitimacy of the soviet union.
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Nixon met with soviet leader Brezhnev. They signed the SALT treaty.
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1981-1988. He pressured the soviet union.
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Eastern europe moved to market economy
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Reagan made the soviet union collapse. He increased military pressure on soviets
