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The that gave American citizens rights, and it emphasized what the United States stood for: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. This meant that if the government tried to take rights away, the people have the right to form a new government.
-Colonies got independence became free states.
-Total of 56 signatures. Karina Deloera
https://www.nps.gov/inde/learn/education/classrooms/resources-declarationoverview.htm -
After the Mexican American War ended, Mexico ceded an astounding 55% of its total territory to the US and dropped all claims on Texas. This would add what would be known as California, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Washington, Oregon, and Texas to United States control. The Gadsden Purchase of 1854 would later complete the nation's vision of Manifest Destiny. Luis Arroyo
https://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/treaty-guadalupe-hidalgo/ -
In the Gadsden Purchase, the United States acquired land from Mexico that later became part of southern Arizona and New Mexico. The U.S. wanted this land so it could build a better southern railroad route. The agreement also helped settle leftover border problems after the Mexican–American War. It led to more railroad building, mining, and settlement in Arizona, and it greatly affected Indigenous groups living in the area. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/gadsden-purchase-treaty -
Gold was discovered in the Colorado and Gila Rivers by Texan, Jacob Snively, which quickly attracted over 1,000 miners. This Mining Boom enabled the establishment of towns like Gila City, Tombstone, Jerome and Bisbee. Luis Arroyo
https://tucson.com/news/local/article_5d04fd98-c676-5eae-a3f0-dac49fdb7f2f.html -
The Homestead Act of 1862 is important because it encouraged people to move west and settle on public land. It gave settlers up to 160 acres for free if they farmed the land and built a home. This helped grow towns and farms in Arizona and other western states. The law also caused problems because it often took land from Native Americans. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/homestead-act -
Founded by Confederate Veteran, Jack Swilling, the land that would become Phoenix became a settlement focused on agriculture, growing cash crops like cotton, alfalfa, and citrus fruits. The canals constructed by the Hohokam people were acquired and adapted for modern use and are essential to valley living, bringing the water required from the Colorado River.
-Fun fact: Swilling originally wanted to call it Pumpkinville.
Luis Arroyo
https://citytowner.com/phoenix-az-history/#google_vignette -
This played a huge role by allowing trains to travel from coast to coast. It was built by the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads.
-Boosted trade, travel, and the development of the United States. Karina Deloera
https://www.loc.gov/collections/railroad-maps-1828-to-1900/articles-and-essays/history-of-railroads-and-maps/the-transcontinental-railroad/ -
The Desert Land Act of 1877 is important because it encouraged people to move to and develop the dry western parts of the United States. It offered cheap land to settlers who could find a way to bring water to it, which helped farming and ranching grow. However, it also caused problems by increasing competition for limited water supplies. Overall, the act helped shape how land and water were used in Arizona and the rest of the Southwest. Source: https://www.blm.gov/about/history -
The Arizona Territory had a few roadblocks on its way to statehood, including a proposed merging with the New Mexico Territory, Indigenous disputes, and a rejection of the proposed state constitution by President Taft. After revising said constitution, Taft signed Arizona into the union. Luis Arroyo
https://civics.asu.edu/azstatehood -
World War I began in 1914 and lasted until 1918. It all due to the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The United States joined in close to the end of the war.
-There were a lot of new technologies introduced.
-Millions of women entered the workforce to replace the men at war.
-Spanish Flu killed 20 to 50 million people. Karina Deloera
https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I -
The Bisbee Deportation of 1917 showed how unfairly striking miners and immigrants could be treated. During a copper mine strike, more than 1,000 workers were taken by armed groups and left in the New Mexico desert with no supplies. The event revealed how much power mining companies had and how little protection workers had at the time. It also led to national concern about workers’ rights and the rights of immigrants. Source: https://azlibrary.gov/arm/research-archives/bisbee-deportation -
The Great Depression was caused by a huge stock market crash. It caused severe amounts of unemployment and drastic declines in output. A lot of people lost their jobs and farmers lost their homes. Karina Deloera
https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Depression -
President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced the New Deal which brought relief for the unemployed, recovery for the economy, and financial reforms.
-The three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform
-The US was recovering. Karina Deloera
https://www.britannica.com/event/New-Deal -
Rose Mofford was the Arizona Secretary of State from 1977 to 1988 and was elected as the first female Arizona Governor after the impeachment of Evan Mecham. After her passing, a section of the US 60 Highway was dedicated to her as the "Rose Mofford Memorial Highway" in 2019. Luis Arroyo
https://www.bing.com/search?q=Rose%20Mofford&qs=n&form=QBRE&sp=-1&lq=0&pq=rose%20mofford%201988&sc=15-17&sk=&cvid=DD942C29705049109C24507F37E9D143 -
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), signed in 1993, is important because it made trade easier between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. This helped businesses grow and created more jobs. In Arizona, NAFTA increased trade and work along the border and affected farming and factories. It shows how trade agreements can change local economies. https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/nafta