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Unit 1 Timeline

  • Period: to

    First Industrial Revolution

    Starts in Britain; Is known for the inventions in the textile, iron, coal, and railroad industries.
  • James Hargreaves invents spinning jenny

    James Hargreaves invents spinning jenny

    The spinning jenny was a hand-powered machine that revolutionized the textile industry and helped start the Industrial Revolution.
  • James Watt patents a more efficient steam engine

    James Watt patents a more efficient steam engine

    Steam engines were a key part of the Industrial Revolution and were widely used in transportation and industry.
  • Henry Cort patented the puddling process

    Henry Cort patented the puddling process

    The puddling process is a metallurgical technique for converting pig iron into wrought iron by heating and stirring it in a furnace.
  • Edmund Cartwright patents a water-powered loom

    Edmund Cartwright patents a water-powered loom

    A water-powered loom is a machine that uses water to weave cloth, and was a key invention in the Industrial Revolution.
  • The steam locomotive was invented in England

    The steam locomotive was invented in England

    A high-pressure engine was invented and this created the first steam-powered locomotive engine on rails; Led to more railroads.
  • Egypt Modernization begins

    Egypt Modernization begins

    After the start of the rule of Muhammad Ali, Egypt became a mass producer of cotton and embarked on a process of building an industrialized economy.
  • Congress of Vienna meets

    Congress of Vienna meets

    The Congress of Vienna was a meeting of European nations that set out a strategy to maintain peace and stability throughout the continent.
  • Railroad from Manchester to Liverpool was created

    Railroad from Manchester to Liverpool was created

    The Liverpool and Manchester Railway was the first modern railroad. It was a public railroad carrying both passengers and freight.
  • Sadler Report

    Sadler Report

    The Sadler Report highlighted the poor working conditions and excessive working hours for children working in the factories.
  • Victoria becomes queen of Great Britain

    Victoria becomes queen of Great Britain

    Victoria became Queen at the age of 18. She was associated with Britain's great age of industrial expansion, economic progress and, especially, empire.
  • Revolutions sweep through Europe

    Revolutions sweep through Europe

    These revolutions were an anti-monarchial wave of violent, democratic revolutions that swept Europe. They all wanted nationalism and socialism to begin.
  • Crimean War begins

    Crimean War begins

    The Crimean War lasted until 1856; It was fought over religion and control of churches on Ottoman empire territory. Most of the battles were fought on the Crimean Peninsula; It was a very bloody war with many deaths.
  • Henry Bessemer patents a high-quality steel process

    Henry Bessemer patents a high-quality steel process

    The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel; Oxidized the iron by blowing air through the molten iron.
  • Treaty of Paris is signed

    Treaty of Paris is signed

    The Treaty of Paris guaranteed the integrity of Ottoman Turkey, obliged Russia to surrender, and neutralized the Black Sea; Ended the Crimean War.
  • Meiji Restoration Begins

    Meiji Restoration Begins

    The political revolution that ended the Tokugawa Shogunate and restored practical imperial rule to Japan; This switch in leadership allowed Japan to finally modernize.
  • Franco-Prussian War Begins

    Franco-Prussian War Begins

    This war was when a bunch of German states led by Prussia defeated France, ending French dominance in Europe; Created a unified Germany; Only lasted 6 months.
  • Period: to

    Second Industrial Revolution

    Technology innovations are huge; Steel, electricity, and chemicals become powerful industries.
  • First unification of Germany

    First unification of Germany

    William I becomes the kaiser of a finally unified Germany; Adopted some Prussian values, resources and military power; Became the strongest power in Europe.
  • Tomas Edison invents the light bulb

    Tomas Edison invents the light bulb

    The light bulb creates light when electrical current passes through the metal filament wire; Was one of the most important inventions of the time because it created light.
  • Balkan Wars Begin

    Balkan Wars Begin

    The Balkan Wars were a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan states; Ottoman Empire lost almost all territory; Serbia, Greece, and Romania battle with Bulgaria.
  • Henry Ford installs first modern assembly line in U.S.

    Henry Ford installs first modern assembly line in U.S.

    The first modern assembly line was made in Highland Park, Michigan at a Ford factory; Made mass production of cars way quicker and reduced costs; Huge invention for production of goods.