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Sir Guy Carleton
Sir Guy Carleton was one of governors of the province of Quebec. He saw that it was important to please the Canadians because there were always more Canadians then there were British. So he won the approval of the Canadians. -
The Treaty of Paris
When the Treaty of Paris was signed many of the British Loyalists didn't know what to do with themselves so them moved to British North America, also known as upper Canada. When they moved to modern day Canada the English speaking population was at around 9%. -
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Louis-Joseph Papineau
Papineau (and his followers) had a bold idea for his time frame. They had the idea that Canadians should determine their own future, they also believed that they should no longer be governed by an English speaking minority. He tried to pass new laws that demanded an adjustment to the economy and politics of that time. Although they tried to pass new laws, they were denied by the British Legislative Council. -
The Constitutional Act
With the Treaty of Paris act signed and with the all the British Loyalists moving into the area known as British North America, they wanted democratic rights and they were not afraid to show it. Their demands were quite radical for that time period, so Carleton revamped the term of the Quebec Act and called it, The Constitutional Act of 1791 -
The Jay Treaty
They Jay Treaty was a new treaty that was signed by both American and British officials. The treaty helped to deliberate some issues between the USA and the British, such as commissions would help to argue disputes over debts or boundaries. Also the British agreed to leave their posts in the Ohio valley. -
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Louis-Hippolytaine Lafontaine
Lafontaine, a lawyer, from Lower Canada was a radical in his early years but became more moderate as time went on. He was known to compromise and for his patience with others. Many of the French Canadians did not want the Act of Union to occur, but he welcomed it. Although he made his own adjustments; such as speaking French during assemblies until the other politicians would accommodate him and his fellow politicians. Lafontaine was a main influence on responsible government within Canada. -
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Population Boom (Post-War of 1812)
After the war of 1812, British North America found that many people had come to immigrate into the Canadian territory. Between this time frame 960,000 people came from Britain alone, most of the people that immigrated were British Loyalists or from Britain. The Canadians in Lower Canada still outnumbered the English speaking in Upper Canada. -
Rebellion #1
There were many different rebellions that took place during the independence of Canada. One occurring on November 16th of 1837, on this date government troops (British troops) tried to arrest Patriote Leaders. This occurred a Longueuil. The rebels began to resist and thus the first violence of many other rebellions began. -
Rebellion #2
Another one of these rebellions occurred within a large area of Lower Canada. Many towns were burned and looted within Lower Canada by the government troops, and many Patriote Leaders fled. -
Oligarchy
Throughout Canada there was a large separation in the language spoken, half English, half French. Even with this difference they had complimentary ideas of democratics. Both Upper and Lower Canada was ruled by Oligarchy, oligarchy was when a small majority (usually upper class) would have rule/control. Upper Canada was controlled by the Family Compact, and Lower Canada ruled by Château Clique. Most of the leaders were English speakers although some were French speaking in Lower Canada. -
Rebellion #3
A man by the name of Dr. Wolfred Nelson grew up with a strong British and Loyalist background. Although even growing up with this heritage he still became a strong and outspoken Patriote. Dr. Nelson, and many other Patriotes, were arrested and exiled after the rebellions. He stated later on that "...We took up arms not to attack others but to defend ourselves." -
The Act of Union - 1841
This act united the two parts of Canada, Upper and Lower, into one colony. This colony was named the Province of Canada, the lower section of Canada was called Canada East; and the upper section of Canada became Canada West. The colony had one governor, one elected assembly, and one language; English. The British also decided that the two sections of Canada would have equal say/representation. This made it so that the French influence would slowly die out. -
British North American Act
The legislation of the British North American Act, was passed by British Parliament and made Canada its own self-governing federation. This act established the responsibilities of the new country along with the powers of layers of government and the rights of the citizens. This act made Canada, Canada.