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Early American History
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Declaration of Independence signed
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Constitution written
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Bill of Rights ratified
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Civil War/Reconstruction
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Homestead Act
provided 160 acres to anyone willing to settle on land in the west -
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery -
14th Amendment
Citizenship and Due Process -
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
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15th Amendment
Voting for all Male Citizens -
Telephone invented by Alexander Graham Bell
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Period: to
The Gilded Age
1.Rockefeller/Carnegie (Captains of Industry vs. Robber Barons)- industrialists who used questionable practices to amass their wealth. -amassing a fortune and contributed positively to the country.
2.Philanthropy-The desire to promote the welfare of others.
3.Monopoly-The exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.
4.Jane Addams-American settlement activist, reformer, social worker, etc.
Laissez-Faire- Hands off government economic plan -
Chinese Exclusion Act
prohibited immigration of skilled or unskilled Chinese laborers, first US national immigration act -
Pendleton Civil Service Act
Awarded government jobs based on merit -
Interstate Commerce Act
Ensure railroad set “reasonable and just” rate and the first time government stepped in to regulate business -
Dawes Act
Gave individual ownership of land to native Americans instead of the tribe owning things collectively -
Hull House founded, first of many settlement houses
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act
outlawed business monopolies -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Outlawed trusts to promote economic fairness -
Period: to
The Progressive Era
Muckrakers-Journalists in the Progressive Era in the United States who exposed established institutions and leaders as corrupt.
Initiative, Referendum, Recall-Cancel, revoke
The Great Migration-6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest and West
NAACP-Interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans
Immigration Issues (Assimilation and Nativism)-Policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants -
Klondike Gold Rush (Alaska)
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Plessy vs. Ferguson
legalized segregation, established “separate but equal” -
USS Maine explodes off the coast of Cuba, starting the Spanish American War
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Hawaii is annexed as a territory of the United States
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Period: to
Imperialism
Theodore Roosevelt-American statesman, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer, who served as the 26th president of U.S.
Rough Riders-The 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry
Foreign Policy-Government's strategy in dealing with other nations.
Immigration Quotas-The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota.
Yellow Journalism-Journalism based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. -
Open Door Policy
Initiated free trade with China -
Roosevelt Corollary
Addition to the Monroe Doctrine -
Panama Canal Built
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The Jungle by Upton Sinclair is published
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NAACP Founded
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Meat Inspection Act
Law that makes it illegal to adulterate or misbrand meat -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Regulation of the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines -
Dollar Diplomacy
Taft’s policy of paying for peace in Latin America -
16 Amendment
established the federal income tax -
17th Amendment
direct election of U.S. Senators -
Federal Reserve Act
Established the Federal Reserve, which helped stabilize the banking industry -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated, starting World War I
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Period: to
World War I
Alvin York-Sergeant York was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I.
Homefront-The people who stay in a country and work while that country's soldiers are fighting in a war in a foreign country.
M.A.I.N. (Causes of WWI)- Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism.
Sussex Pledge-Promise made by Germany to the United States in 1916, during World War I.
American Expeditionary Forces-Formation of U.S Army on the Western Front of World War I. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
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National Parks System created
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Zimmerman Telegram intercepted by the British, warned the U.S. of a proposed ally between Mexico and Germany
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The United States enters WWI on the Allied side
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Bolshevik Revolution in Russia begins, causing Russian troops to exit the war
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Battle of Argonne Forest, considered the turning point of the war
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Germany surrenders to the Allied Powers
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President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points
Statement of principles for peace after World War I, included no colonialism, freedom of the seas, and a League of Nations -
Treaty of Versailles
Peace treaty that ended World War I, required Germany to accept full blame and pay war reparations as well as demilitarize -
18th Amendment
Prohibition is enacted and alcohol is illegal -
19th Amendment
Women are given the right to vote -
Period: to
Roaring Twenties
Social Darwinism-The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals.
The Red Scare-Fear of a potential rise of communism
Assembly Line-series of workers and machines in a succession of identical items is progressively assembled.
Return to Normalcy-return to the way of life before World War I and the Spanish flu pandemic
Harlem Renaissance-Intellectual revival of African American art and literature -
Teapot Dome Scandal uncovered by the Wall Street Journal
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American Indian Citizenship Act
Granted citizenship to any Native Americans born within the United States -
Scopes Monkey Trial
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Charles Lindbergh makes history by making a nonstop solo flight from New York to Paris
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Stock Market Crash
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Period: to
Great Depression
Hooverville's-Shantytown built by unemployed and destitute people
The New Deal-Series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, etc. enacted by President Roosevelt
Causes of the Great Depression-Stock Market crash, monetary contraction, gold standard, International Tariffs, and overproduction
Court Packing-Filling the court with judges that will vote in your favor
Eleanor Roosevelt-First Lady of the United States and was an American political figure, diplomat and activist -
Period: to
Dust Bowl
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Franklin D. Roosevelt elected
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) established
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20th Amendment
Adjusted the dates of the presidential terms -
21st Amendment
Repeals the 18th Amendment and prohibition ends -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) established
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Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) established
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Works Progress Administration (WPA) established
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Social Security Act
Established the Social Security Administration, which provides unemployment insurance, aid to the disabled, old age pensions, and insurance for families -
Adolf Hitler invades Poland, starting WWII
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World War II
Island Hopping-Travel from one island to another
Liberation of Concentration Camps-Freeing of millions Jews
Dwight Eisenhower-34th president of the U.S
Douglas MacArthur-American 5 star general
Chester W. Nimitz-Fleet admiral of the U.S Navy
Navajo Code Talkers-secrets code messages
Tuskegee Airmen-African-American military pilots and airmen
Flying Tigers-Group of the Republic of China Air Force
The Manhattan Project-Made 1st nuclear weapons
Rosie the Riveter-Cultural icon -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Battle of Midway
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Bataan Death March
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Executive Order 9066
Incarceration of Japanese Americans for the duration of WWII -
“D-Day” - Invasion of Normandy
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G.I. Bill
Gives military veterans financial and educational benefits -
The atomic bomb, “Little Boy” is dropped in Hiroshima, Japan (August 6)
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The atomic bomb, “Fat Man” is dropped in Nagasaki, Japan, ending World War II (August 9)
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United Nations formed
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Period: to
Early Cold War
Containment- U.S policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism
Arms Race/Space Race-Competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to develop aerospace capabilities
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics-Federal socialist state in Northern Eurasia
Communism-Political and economic system that seeks to create a classless society
Domino Theory-Suggested a communist government in one nation would quickly lead to communist takeovers -
22nd Amendment
Prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again -
Truman Doctrine
U.S. policy that gave military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism -
Berlin Airlift
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Marshall Plan
Program to help European countries rebuild after World War II -
NATO established
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Sweatt v. Painter
ruled the separate law school at the University of Texas failed to qualify as “separate but equal” -
Period: to
Civil Rights Era
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Period: to
Korean War
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Rosenbergs trial
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First H-Bomb detonated by the United States
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and mandated desegregation -
Hernandez v. Texas
Mexican Americans and all other races provided equal protection under the 14th Amendment -
Period: to
Vietnam War
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Jonas Salk invents the Polio Vaccine
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Period: to
Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks’ arrest
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Interstate Highway Act
Authorized the building of a national highway system -
USSR launches Sputnik
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Little Rock Nine integrated into an all-white school in Little Rock, AK
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Bay of Pigs Invasion in Cuba
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Berlin Wall built to prevent people from leaving communist East Berlin
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream Speech” at the March on Washington
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John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, TX
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
begins the undeclared war in Vietnam -
24th Amendment
Abolish poll tax -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Made discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin in public places illegal and required employers to hire on an equal opportunity basis -
Medicare and Medicaid established
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated literacy tests for voters -
Martin Luther King is assassinated
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Civil Rights Act of 1968
prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of housing -
Tet Offensive
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First Man on the Moon
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Tinker v. Des Moines
defined the First Amendment rights for students in the United States Public Schools -
Kent State University shooting
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End of the Cold War
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Pentagon Papers leaked
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26th Amendment
moved the voting age from 21 years old to 18 years old -
Title IX
protects people from discrimination based on gender in education programs -
War Powers Act
law limited the President’s right to send troops to battle without Congressional approval -
Watergate Scandal, which leads to Nixon’s Resignation
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Fall of Saigon, marks the end of the Vietnam War
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Camp David Accords
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Three Mile Island Disaster
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Period: to
Iran Hostage Crisis
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Period: to
Iran Contra Affair
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Period: to
1990s-21st Century