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Chinese alchemists invented gunpowder around 900 A.D., whilst experimenting with life-lengthening concoctions.
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The compass was invented during the Han Dynasty in China.
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This era saw early exploration of the America’s by Spain, France, and England
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The Magna Carta (Great Charter) guarantees that everyone is subject to the law, even the king, as well as securing the rights of individuals to a fair trial.
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After being exiled, Johannes Gutenberg began working with printing prototypes in France, in 1440.
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In 1492, Columbus yada yada yada
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After Columbus “discovered” America, the floodgates opened to the international trade of plants, animals, diseases, etc.
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Roanoke was one of the first British attempts to colonize America. It was unsuccessful (for reasons), and the actual circumstances of its demise are unknown.
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The first successful British colony in America. Named after King James.
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The advent of tobacco crops was essential to the growth of the colonies as they required more workers and resources(which led to more profit).
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Four Frenchmen survived a shipwreck on the coast of New England. After being captured by indigenous people, they threatened that if they were killed, God would enact a 10-fold vengeance.
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During the Columbian exchange, several disease strains found their way into the Americas, infecting the Natives-who had no immunity to the diseases. Casualties: 45-90 million.
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New settlers in Virginia were offered 50 acres of land in an effort to get more workers to tend to tobacco crops in the colony.
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The first slaves arrived in Jamestown
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Maine was initially settled as a part of Massachusetts
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The Mayflower arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts, They would soon elect William Bradford as Governor, and he went on to play a huge role in early colonial America.
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The Mayflower Compact was the first document written and enacted in what is now the U.S..
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The first Thanksgiving celebrated the Pilgrim’s first harvest in the new world. It lasted three days.
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The Dutch settled what would become NYC.
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The Colonial Period included some of the more “iconic” events of early America, such as: King Philip’s war, the Mayflower Compact, the first Thanksgiving, and the French and Indian War
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The Pequot people fought against English settlers and rival Native tribes. The Pequots promptly lost.
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King Metacom of the Wampanoag tribe led what would essentially be the last rebellion against European settlers. Deadliest war in terms of per capita losses.
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In 1681, the proprietary colony of Pennsylvania was granted to William Penn
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Quakers in Germantown wrote the “Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery”, becoming the first religious body in the 13 colonies to call for abolition
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Obeying a supposed treaty, Delaware Natives offered up as much land as could be walked in 1.5 days. Thomas Penn recruited a runner to take the path. The runner covered double the land initially anticipated, and the Delaware Natives lost 1,200 square miles of land. They later joined the French in the French and Indian War.
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On an expedition, Vitus Bering found and aptly named the Bering Strait
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Franklin's famous experiment with a brass key and a kite, wherein he discovered that lightning contained electricity.
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Lasted from 1756 to 1763, and is considered a chapter in the second hundred years war.
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This period started with the Stamp act and ended with the Paris Peace treaty and American Independence
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This act required the colonies to guest British soldiers in barracks in the colonies. If none were available, the soldiers were to be housed in inns, houses, and the like.
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This act from British Parliament imposed a tax on the colonies, requiring many printed materials to be made on stamped paper produced in London.
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After a protest turned violent, British soldiers fired upon colonists, killing 5, and wounding others, marking the beginning of the end of colonist cooperation with the crown.
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In response to the Tea Act, rebellious colonists dumped 1 million dollars worth of tea into Boston Harbor.
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The intolerable acts were laws were law from the British Parliament post-Boston Tea Party. The laws were punitive and meant to punish the colonists for their defiance.
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Daniel Boone founded Boonseborough in Kentucky in 1775
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Sam Adams gave a speech protesting the British rule, ending with his famous quote.
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Han shot first.
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The committee of five’s congressionally amended Declaration is ratified.
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Thomas Paine published his controversial pamphlet.
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Benedict Arnold earned his stripes here, after disobeying direct orders and winning the battle. This victory proved to the French that the Revolution was viable.
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Shawnee natives launched a retaliatory strike on Fort Boonseborough.
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The AOC was sent to individual states in 1777, but years of debate delayed its ratification.
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The treaty officially ended the American Revolution.
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This era was full of early attempts at systems of American governance and democracy
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Farmer Daniel Shay of Massachusetts led an uprising in response to an unresolved debt crisis.
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Samuel Slater was known as the father of the American Industrial Revolution.
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3.9 Million People, 757,000 of which are enslaved.
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It's a fun twist of fate that the Magna Carta was ratified in 1215, and the Bill of Rights was ratified on 12/15.
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Guarantees that states cannot be sued by citizens of another state.
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Washington gave his landmark farewell address, in which he warned of the dangers of partisanship.
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This marked one of the first times in history that power was handed over peacefully.
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This case set the precedent of judicial review.
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Jefferson bought the Louisiana territory from Napoleon for a measly 15 million dollars.
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Separated balloting procedures for POTUS and VPOTUS
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Lewis and Clark began their journey westward.
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Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston created Clermont, the first steamboat.
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This period saw such incidents as The Alamo, Nat Turner’s rebellion, and the Jackson administration
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The ACS was founded to send free African Americans to Africa as an alternative to staying in the U.S.
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We hit snooze.
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This was the age of unjust wars and abolition. Seeing such advents as the Underground Railroad, the 13th amendment, and the reconstruction period, this was defining moment for America
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Nat Turner led his bloody uprising of the enslaved, eventually resulting in his death.
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Because if there's one way to get people to shut up about things...
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Morse sent his first telegraph message from Washington D.C. to Baltimore.
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The first recorded games of baseball happened in New York.
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The era of abolition and the Mexican American war shared many similarities with that of Vietnam and the civil rights movement.
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Well that was fast.
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Frederick Douglass gave a speech concerning his allegiance to his country and government.
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A steel making process that was critical for the industrial revolution.
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The Homestead Act allowed any citizen who hadn’t taken up arms against the U.S. to claim 160 acres of governement land.
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Also known as the battle of Sharpsburg, the battle ended in a stalemate, but gave Lincoln the confidence to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
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Issued by Lincoln almost three years into the Civil War, The Proclamation declared that all perons held as slaves in the confederate states were to be freed.
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Lincoln's very short(ironic) but iconic speech.
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Slavery is abolished.
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Declared that all males born in the U.S. were citizens, without distinction based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery or servitude. President Johnson vetoed the bill, but the 39th congress overrode it.
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The equal protection amendment. I would like to note that the purpose of this amendment remains unfulfilled until we pass more laws that guarantee and establish equal protection.
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Guaranteed African American men the right to vote.
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The enforcement acts protected African-Americans’ right to vote, serve on juries, and hold office.
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Hiram Revels was the the first African-American to serve in the U.S. senate, and was seated after being delayed by Democrats who sought to nullify his election.
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The 2nd Industrial Revolution gave rise to the likes of Carnegie, Dupont, and Rockefeller, as well as Edison and Tesla
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The U.S. established Yellowstone National Park under President Ulysses S. Grant, who also signed the Yellowstone Nation Park Protection Act.
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The Panic of 1873 lasted until 1877, during which Europe and North America experienced a financial crisis that triggered economic depression.
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Chris Nash was a democratic sheriff who led a group of white miltia
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Commonly referred to as Custer’s last stand, the battle was an engagment between the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry of the U.S.
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The first time a women’s suffrage amedment was introduced to congress was in 1876, but wouldn’t become ratified until 1920.
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Reconstruction ended after Southern Democrats promises to enforce and protect the rights of African Americans broken.
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This era saw battle between progressives such as Teddy Roosevelt against outdated practices like Jim Crow laws, as well as WW1
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The Haymarket massacre happened after a bombing at a labor demonstration at Haymarket Square in Chicago.
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So... they really fucked us over on this one.
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Ended with the ruling "Separate but Equal"
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The Spanish American War started after the explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba.
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The Great Migration was a massive movement of millions of African Americans from rural areas to suburban areas.
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The Cowboy President.
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The second Transportation Revolution included the first automobiles powered by steam, which could reach a whole 15 mph.
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The Rockefeller Sanitation Commission was put together to eradicate the hookworm in the south.
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This period experienced the depression, WW1, and the rise of the League of Nations into what would become the UN
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1919 saw a massive change in power dynamics through labor strikes, suffrage movements, and race riots.
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The 19th amendment passed the house and senate in 1919. Was finally ratified in 1920. Guarantees women the right to vote.
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These three all seem as though they are from very different eras, but they were all born in the same year.
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FDR’s new deal ushered in an era of unprecedented economic growth and stability.
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Desperately in need of economic stimulus, FDR put together the iconic new deal, as well as the Lend-Lease act during WW2
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Jesse Owens won four Gold medals in the 1936 Berlin Games, foiling Hitler’s plan to put German athletes on top of the world.
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Oppenheimer became death, the destroyer of worlds.
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Using all method of warfare tactics, the allies were able to determine where Japan was going to attack, and ambushed them at Midway.
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A population migration from urban areas into suburbs
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Harry Truman announced the surrender of Japan, thus ending the war.
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The Soviet Union had held Western Berlin hostage, via blockade. The allies broke through during the Berlin airlift and foiled the Soviet plan.
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The first electronic television system was designed by Philo Taylor Farnsworth
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Margaret Sanger met with endocrinologist and birth control advocate Gregory Pincus to begin the process of developing the pill.
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If only we had it before Trump was conceived.
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The peaceful march that culminated with MLK’s most famous plea.
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LBJ started his push for the CRA whilst he was majority leader, and finished by signing it into law as POTUS.
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The VRA passed in 1965 and prohibits racial dicsrimination in voting. Led by Justice Scalia, the act was weakened in 2013 by the U.S. supreme court.
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Malcolm X was assasinated in the Audubon Ballroom. It is still unproven who exactly was responsible for his death.
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The first march happened on March 7, 1965. Marchers were met by state troopers, who attacked the protestors with billy clubs and tear gas. Among the marchers was John Lewis.
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The Tet offensive was a blitzkreig of North Vietnam attacks on South Vietnam in an attempt to discourage American involvment in Vietnam.
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After protests at the 1968 DNC turned violent, 7 (really 8) organizers were charged with conspiracy to incite a riot as well as several other allegations.
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MLK was assasinated by James Earl Ray in Memphis, Tennesee.
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Nixon founded the EPA, and thus we were able to appropriately handle all manner of environmental disasters, such as climate change, and wait... shit.
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The Pentagon Papers detailed a surge of U.S. forces in Vietnam, previously undisclosed to the public.
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The dude won 49 states. I don't think he needed to cheat.
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I imagine it looked different than the one I'm typing on right now.
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Steven Spielberg’s legendary first feature film.
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Led by Herb Brooks, the 1980 U.S. olympic hockey team overcame seemingly insurmountable odds to upset the commies.
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After the fall of the Berlin Wall, communism was chased out of Europe, and in 1991 the Soviet Union dissolved completely.
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On the morning of September 11, 2001, Al Qaeda launched 4 coordinated terrorist attacks against the U.S.
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Barack Hussein Obama became the first African American to assume the office of the Presidency, defeating John McCain.
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Ibram X Kendi won the National Book award for non-fiction for this book about race in the U.S.
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In 2016, Hilary Clinton became the first woman nominated for POTUS by any major party. She would go on to win the popular vote by 3 million.
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Some Mother*****r just really had to eat that bat.
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The first North American COVID-19 cases were reported in the U.S. in 2020.
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Joe Biden became the oldest person to assume the presidency. Kamala Harris became the first African American and woman (individually and together) to assume the Vice Presidency.