-
1215
Magna Carta
King John signed the Magna Carta which was a form of limited government. The king himself could not violate individual rights. -
James Town House Burgesses
Each charter guaranteed colonists the "rights on Englishmen" -
Petition of Right
King Charles was required to sign this. It stated that the government couldn't unlawfully imprison people or demand military rule during times of peace. -
English Bill of Rights
Guaranteed free speech and protection from cruel and unusual punishment -
Stamp Act
First direct tax on paper and legal documents. Congress met to protest the tax but it was repealed -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers fired into the crowd. 5 colonists died -
Boston Tea Party
Revolutionaries dumped British Tea into the harbor -
Intolerable Acts
Colonists were forced to “Quarter,” or house, British troops -
Declaration of Independence
Inspired by John Locke, Signed by the delegates to the Second Continental Congress -
Articles of Confederation
First National Government -
Shays Rebellion
Massachusetts farmers rebelled over prospect of losing land -
The Constitutional Convention
James Madison was the Father of this. Drafted a new Constitution -
Northwest Ordiance
Created system for admitting states to the Union. Banned slavery in that territory -
Judiciary Act
Established a Three-tiered Judicial Structure -
Mass Media Growth
Federalist paper Gazette of the United States published -
Chief Justice John Marshall
Began to expand the power of the Supreme Court -
Marbury v. Madison
Power of judicial review -
McCulloch v. Maryland
"The power to tax is the power to destroy." -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Right of a state legislature to award a monopoly to operate a steamship line between NY and NJ -
Seneca Falls Convention
First national woman's rights convention in the US -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Enslaved man sued for his and his family's freedom after being taken to a free state. "Greatest disaster" of Supreme Court -
Morrill Act
Granted large tracts of land to states; states sold land and used money for colleges -
Barred entry to criminals
Apart of Immigration Policies -
Plessy v. Ferguson
“Separate but equal” doctrine -
17th Amendment
Direct election of Senators -
16th Amendment
Gave Congress authority to set a federal income tax. Main source of US income -
House of Representatives
Total number of Reps fixed by law at 435 -
Cooperative Federalism
States and national governments worked together to deal with the Great Depression -
The New Deal Era
Ruled that some New Deal programs violated the Constitution. Ended in 1953 -
United States v. Miller
Ruled 2nd Amendment does not protect the right to have all types of weapons -
United States v. Darby
Upheld Fair Labor Standards Act; Commerce Clause allows Congress to regulate employment conditions -
Executive Order 9066
FDR required all people of Japanese descent on the West Coast to report to "War Relocation Centers" (internment camps) -
Korematsu v. the United States
Upheld involuntary internment of ethnically Japanese American citizens -
National Security Council
Brings together the top military, foreign affairs, and intelligence officials in the administration -
22nd Amendment
U.S. President can serve up to 10 years or two 4-year terms -
Brown v. Board
"Separate is inherently unequal" -
Benefits of Interest Groups
Give minority interests voice in the political process, such as civil rights movement -
Civil Rights Act of 1960
Empowered the federal government to actively engage in voter registration in places where voting discrimination had been found -
Great Society
Government program to eliminate poverty and social inequality -
Edwards v. South Carolina
187 African-American students gathered at the state capitol to protest racial injustice -
Equal Pay Act of 1963
Established equal pay for men and women -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin in voting, employment, and public accommodations -
Miranda v. Arizona
Expanded rights of people accused of crimes. -
Loving v. Virginia
Struck down all state laws banning interracial marriage -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Schools couldn’t prevent students from protesting the Vietnam War -
De Jure Segregation
Ended in 1970. Segregation by order of law -
War Powers Resolution
Congress can force the president to end use of military with a concurrent resolution -
Equal Credit Opportunity Act
Prohibited banks, stores, and other businesses from preventing women from getting loans or credit. -
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act
Allowed Native American Groups to control federally funded programs in their communities -
New Federalism
Cut national grant money and relaxed national requirements -
College Cost
The cost of college as increased twice as much as inflation -
Harlow v. Fitzgerald
Established the rationale for qualified immunity -
Tennessee v. Garner
Limited police use on lethal force -
Graham v. Connor
Juries must consider if the officer believed force was reasonable -
Issues in Federalism Today
Congress gave states authority to manage welfare systems with block grants -
Homeland Security
Reorganization of agencies already in place. Law enforcement, Border security, and Transportation -
District of Columbia v. Heller
Ruled the 2nd Amendment protects an individual's right to keep and bear arms for self-defense -
McDonald v. Chicago
Ruled 2nd Amendment applies to federal, state, and local governments; upheld 2nd Amendment -
Obergefell v. Hodges
Ruled states must grant and recognize same-sex marriage -
Trump v. Hawaii
Court ruled a ban on immigration from majority-Muslim countries did not violate the Establishment Clause
