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led by the Earl of Hertford. Abbeys of Holyrood Palace, Jedburgh, Kelso and Dryburgh are looted and burnt. Crops and ships are stolen.
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Edward Seymour is Edward VI uncle
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This is the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh which is part of the attenpt to force a marriage between Edward VI and Wueen Mary of Scots
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A dispute over hedges in the village of Attleborough near Norwich exploded into possibly the largest Tudor popular rebellion. Having captured Norwich, the rebels were only defeated in a pitched battle by an army sent from London. The rebellion arose over a complex number of issues, some local, some resulting from Edward Seymour, the Duke of Somerset's policies. Unlike the other popular risings of this period, it did not include a call for the return of the old church.
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Following the marriage of Mary Stuart (Mary I of Scotland) to James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, the Scottish nobility rebelled. She was imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle and forced to abdicate in favour of her infant son James (crowned James VI). She escaped in May 1568 and raised an army, which was decisively beaten at the Battle of Langside, south of the river Clyde, by forces under the command of her half-brother, James Stewart, Earl of Moray.
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After the defeat of Mary Stuart's army at the Battle of Langside, near Glasgow, on 13 May, she fled to England and demanded Elizabeth I's support in reclaiming her throne. Elizabeth refused until Mary had established her innocence in the murder of her husband, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. The inquiry found that guilt could not be proven, but Mary was nonetheless detained in England where she would become the focus of many plots to overthrow Elizabeth.
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The rebellion of northern Catholics was led by Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland, and Charles Neville, Earl of Westmorland. Its apparent objective was to replace Elizabeth I as queen of England with Mary Stuart. The rising was crushed, Westmorland fled into exile and Northumberland was captured and executed.
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Elizabeth I rejected the proposal
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The treaty of assistance to the United Provinces (a collection of territories in the Low Countries) was signed at the Palace of Nonsuch in Surrey. It provided English military aid for the relief of Antwerp, which was besieged by Spanish forces. Antwerp fell on 17 August. Nonetheless, the treaty was perceived as an act of war by Philip II of Spain and would lead, by a series of events, to sending of the Armada to invade England.
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The Nine Years War broke out in 1594 when the territorial ambitions of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, clashed with those of England. At the Battle of Yellow Ford in 1598, English forces suffered a heavy defeat, with 2,000 killed, including their commander, Sir Henry Bagenal. In late 1601, the English routed the rebels at the Battle of Kinsale, but it would still take more than a year to finally subdue the rebellion.
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Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex was a great favourite of Elizabeth I. Throughout the 1590s he traded on his popularity, persuading the queen to appoint him lord lieutenant of Ireland in 1599. His military campaign during the Irish Nine Years' War ended in a humiliating and unauthorised truce with the rebel Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone. Furious, Elizabeth stripped him of his titles. He raised a rebellion, but was captured and executed for treason on 25 February.
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