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Second monarch from the House of Tudor.
(1491-1547) -
Established the Church of England and made Henry VIII the Head of the Church of England. -
A rebellion against the changes in religion, leaded by Robert Aske. -
Legally incorporated Wales in England. -
Monastries were abolished and lands were confiscated from the Church and sold. By destroying the monastic system Henry VII acquired all its wealth and property.
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Third monarch from the House of Tudor.
(1537-1553) -
A product of the English Reformation following the break with Rome and The Pope. -
Fifth monarch from the House of Tudor.
(1516-1558) -
Sixth and last monarch from the House of Tudor.
(1533-1603) -
Established Elizabeth I as the Head of the Church of England. -
Also known as the Elizabethan Book of Prayer, and that served as the official book of the Church of England throughout the Elizabethan era. -
An act that made high treason the intention of bodily harm the Queen Elizabeth I, inciting other to levy war against her, saying she ought not to enjoy the Crown, publishing in writing that she is a heretic, tyrant or usurper, claiming a right to the Crown or usurp it during the Queen's life, asserting that somebody else has the right of succession to the throne or saying that the laws enacted by Parliament do not govern the succession to the throne. -
Conflict between Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth I due to commercial disputes. England allies itself with the Neherlands and France against Spain.
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An attempt of invasion by the Spanish "Invincible Aramada", which was defeated by England with the help of the weather. -
First monarch from the House of Stuart.
(1566-1625)
Ruled Scotland as James VI from 15567 to 1625. -
A conspiracy orchestrated by a group of Catholics that aimed at blowing up the House of Lords and murdering the King James I. -
James I believed that he owned his authority from God and that Parliament's laws and opinions were irrelevant and illegetimate against his and felt free to ignore them.
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Second monarch from the House of Stuart.
(1600-1649) -
A petition against the illegality of taxation without parliamentary consent and arbitrary imprisonment. -
Charles I ruled as an autocratic absolute monarch without recourse to Parliament.
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An agreement signed by many people of Scotland opposing the proposed reforms of the Church of Scotland (also known as the Kirk) by Charles I. -
The Kirk is the Scottish word for "Church" and refers to the Church of Scotland.
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A war between England and Scotland resulting from the changes in religious practice in Scotland and the creation of the Covenant.
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A Parliament summoned by Charles I in order to obtain money to finance his millitary struggle with Scotland in the Bishops' War, unsuccessfully, since this new parliament had more interest in redressing grievances than in voting the King funds for his war against the Scottish. -
Another Parliament summoned by Charles I to pass financial bills, made necessary by the costs of the Bishops' War.
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An uprising in Ireland initiated by Catholic gentry and military officers to end the anti-Catholic discrimination and gain control of the Protestant-dominated central government, which led to massacres of English Protestants. -
A text that summarised Parliament's opposition to Charles I's foreign, financial, legal and religious policies. -
A civil war between Cavaliers (supporters of the King) and Roundheads (supporters of Parliament), that broke out due to Charles I's ruling (Personal Rule, the Bishops' War, attempt of arrest on five MPs, ...)
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Oliver Cromwell ruling as Lord Protector during the Commonwealth.
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Charles I ordered his Attorney-general to bring charges of treason against five Members of Parliament, as he intended to use force to shut down the Long Parliament. -
Charles I surrendered to the Scots Convenanters rather than Parliament. -
From February 1648 to August 1648.
After his surrending in 1646, Charles I secretly negotiated with the Scots and promised to impose Presbyterianism in England in exchange for military support. -
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After a trial in January, in which he refused to plead, Charles I was executed, which marked the end of the Second Civil War. -
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He refuses this title, and the title of "Lord Protector" becomes hereditary.
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Richard Cromwell ruling as Lord Protector during the Commonwealth.
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An attempt to address the issues Charles II had to face : changed political circumstances, religious tensions, ... -
He had to face three problems. -
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A major conflagration that swept through central London from September 2 1666 to September 6 1666. Catholics were blamed for it. -
A fake conspiracy orchestred by Titus Oates who alleged that there was an extensive Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II. -
Three Exclusion Bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was a Roman Catholic + 2 new parties were formed : the Tories opposed to this exclusion and the Whigs in favour of the exclusion.
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Charles II ruled for 4 years without Parliament but with the support of the Tories.
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Seven English noblemen, known as "the Immortal Seven" sent a letter to William of Orange informing him that if he were to land in England with a small army, the signatories and their allies would rise up and support him. -
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Jacobites are Scottish supporters of James II and his heirs during the Revolution in England. They are led by the Viscount Dundee. Dundee was killed at Killicrankie. -
Illegality of the actions of James II, powers of the Crown and Parliament, protestant succession, exclusion of Catholic claimants -
Concessions to Dissenters
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WIlliam of Orange lands in Ireland with his army + Battle of the Boyne in July 1690, which was a Williamite victory. -
Ended the 1680 to 1691 WIlliamite War in Ireland. -
-Succession: William - Anne - Sophia of
Hanover (granddaughter of James I) and her
heirs
- More provisions against Catholic claimants
- Provisions against foreign intervention
- Parliament claims the right to decide who
will reign -
- Single Parliament (in London)
- Free trade
- Kirk unchallenged
- Partly separate legal systems
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George I, son of Sophia of Hanover) was crowned king of England.