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Judiciary Act
The Judiciary Act was the law that created the first Judicial Branch. It provided the number of members in the supreme court and the number of lower district courts. Also, it explained the idea that the Supreme Court can settle disputes between states and the idea that a decision by the Supreme Court is final. -
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Barbary States
Four small African countries made up what were known as the Barbary States. These countries were Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, and Tripoli. Pirates from thoses counries attacked American ships in the Mediterranean Sea. The attacks eventually stopped when America provided protection for the countries in return for payment, which is known as tribute. -
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Thomas Jefferson Presidency
Jefferson became part of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1769. He later became Vice President in 1797 under John Adams. Jefferson finally became President in 1801 and spent two terms in office. -
Louisiana Purchase
When Spain owned the New Orleans port, they decided to stop American shipping through that port. This was a very big problem for the shipping industry so the government decided to try to buy it from them. Thomas Jefferson sent James Monroe to make a deal to buy the port and the Louisiana Territory. Monroe made a deal and the United States government bought the land for $15 million, only about 4 cents and acre. This doubled the size of the country at the time. -
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Lewis and Clark Expediition
Jefferson wanted the newly bought Louisiana Territory to be explored because no one knew what was there. He got the money for the expedition and sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark along with 40 other people to explore and map the Louisiana Territory. They spent over 3 years making their way to the Pacific Ocean and back and then reporting their findings back to the American government. -
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Pike's Peak
Zabulon Pike and a crew he assembled headed west through the southern part of the Louisiana Purchase. The path he explored took him straight toward the Rocky Mountains. There was one mountain that they had to cross to continue on their way. When Pike and his crew were about 2/3 of the way up the mountain they could not go any farther due to weather. This mountain is now known as Pike's Peak. -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act was a law passed by Congress while Thomas Jefferson was in office. The point of this act was to get Britain and France to stop restricting American trade. It stopped all trading between America and any other country. This had a negative effect on America and the citizens suffered. The Embargo Act was lifted in 1809. -
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National Road
The National Road was started in Cumberland, Maryland in 1811. It was extended to Wheeling, Virginia by 1818 and to Vandalia, Illinois by 1850. The point of this road was to connect the growing country. -
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War of 1812
The War of 1812 was mostly brought on by the over powering of Britain and France toward America. Those countries had been blocking American trade and taking American ships. The United States got tired of this and thus the War of 1812 began. -
Battle of Tippecanoe
The Shawnee leader, Tecumseh, lead Native American tribes in Indiana and Michigan against General William Henry Harrison, the Governor of Indiana at the time. Harrison advanced with 1,000 troops along the Tippecanoe Creek in September. They spent most of October constructing Fort Harrison. Shortly before dawn on the morning of November 7, Tecumseh's troops stormed the fort. Even though they were taken by surprise, Harrison's troops won. -
Treaty of Ghent
The War of 1812 needed to be stopped so peace talks began in Ghent, Belgium. The Treaty of Ghent was composed and when it was signed on Christmas Eve it officially ended the war. However, this news took a few weeks to reach the United States so there was one final battle in January of 1815. This was the Battle of New Orleans. -
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Battle of New Orleans
In the fall of 1814 more than 50 British ships carrying about 7,500 soldiers came to the Gulf of Mexico. Andrew Jackson lead 6,000 troops into battle with them in January of 1815. In the end, Jackson defeated the British soldiers aven though the war had officially ended. -
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Barbary States
Four small African countries made up what were known as the Barbary States. These countries were Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, and Tripoli. Pirates from thoses counries attacked American ships in the Mediterranean Sea. The attacks eventually stopped when America provided protection for the countries in return for payment, which is known as tribute. -
Missouri Compromise
Senator Henry Clay preseneted the idea that Maine could be added to the Union as a "free" state and that Missouri could be added as a slave state. That would keep the power equal in the Senate between slave states and free states. This compromise also gave slave ownwers in the South the right to pursue slaves that have escaped to the North and return them to slavery. -
Monroe Doctrine
James Monroe and John Quincy Adams were worried that Spain may try to regain the colonies that had become part of the United States. They made a statement that became known as the Monroe Doctrine. It declared that the United States would not allow European countries to interfere with free nations of Latin America or create American colonies for any attempt to do so would be "dangerous to our peace and safety." -
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John Quincy Adams Presidency
John began his career when he was 12 and traveled with his father to Europe. He was a French translator and his father's secretary. He graduated from Harvard with a law degree and opened his own office in Boston. He became President in 1825 and served one term in office. -
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Andrew Jackson Presidency
Jackson was orphaned when he was only 14 years old. He used a $300 inheritance left by his grandfather to study law. He eventually moved to Nashville to open an office. He became the 7th President of the United States in 1829 and served two terms.