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Classical Theory ~ 1
Classical Theory is the concept of free will when explaining crime. The definition behind it is that if all types of crime e.g. murder and theft, were all treated with the same extreme punishment then all crime, in any shape and form, would automatically come to a hault.It was thought of by Philosopher and Criminologist Cassare Bacceria.With this theory it is thought that all individuals look out for personal satisfaction and their best interest and therefore the criminal justice system need.... -
Classical Theory ~ 2
..to control the free willed for a civilised society. This theory has influenced Crime Control Policies by being stricter with there rules to prevent the thought of free will occurring with people. With this concept their have been more Court cases for smaller offences that have occurred throughout the years. In relation to CCTV it has preventing some crimes occurring because the criminal will know they are being watched, however with that fact present it could also cause them to become more.. -
Classical Theory ~ 3
...cautious and prepare for the crime they would commit, for example a robbery, they would wear clothes that they wouldn't be recognised in. Another fact of the Theory was that Punishments for crime were less harsh for people who were upper class so it was argued to put in place equal punishments for everyone. -
Positivism and Biological Positisvm ~ 2
...taken into account because it was something that could not be controlled. The theory is also related to the Genetics of the person which is where Lombroso's Theory and XXY syndrome theory come in because they are both closely linked with the Genetics of the person which cause them to act in the way that they do. The crime control measures for these different mental illnesses would be to try and control the person as much as possible by in this case, placing them in mental institutes and..... -
Positivism and Biological Positivism ~ 3
...Asylums and possibly make medications stronger. This way the illness is controlled for a short period of time and the police know the whereabouts of the patients and criminals with these illnesses. This impacts the Criminal Justice System because it will mean there will be less crimes committed by these types of people and therefore less court hearings related to the subject. -
Positivism and Biological Positivism ~ 1
Positivism is the theory of biological and physical factors being causes of crime. The theory was thought of by Auguste Comte in January in 1829. It is highly influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution. The theory is that criminals are born and not made and could be identified by certain physical and facial appearances as well as structure of the body e.g. heavy jaws and cheekbones, eye defects, sloped foreheads and big builds. However things such as mental illnesses and medication were also... -
Interactionism ~ 1
Interactionism is the theory the understanding of the reaction and definition of why the crime was committed rather than looking at the initial act itself. The theory was thought of by Becker in 1928.They believe the reason why the crime was comitted should be understood rather than judged. Becker believed that once a "label" has been placed onto a person/criminal it will be hard to remove it and convince people otherwise. However the labelling theory is hard to prove because we cannot be..... -
Interactionism ~ 2
..sure how deviant the criminal was before they were labelled. For example if a person was caught stealing a loaf of bread from a bakery to fee their family because they were poor, they would be labelled a thief, so the public would automatically be lead to believe they would commit theivery crimes that could completely not be in their nature to normally do so. This is also where pressure groups come into play with this theory. Pressure may force or pressurise people to steal for their benefit,. -
Interactionism ~ 4
In relation to crime control policies in my opinion I don't think it would have affected the numbers of crimes being committed because not a lot can be done to prevent pressure groups into pressurising other people to committing crimes. -
Interactionism ~ 3
..they may also be bullied into doing so, or blackmailed into performing the task. If this person does attempt the task, they are not doing inentionally and not with their own will but because of the pressure of doing it. This will give them a label that was forced upon them without intentionally doing so and will have worse consequences in the future. Interactionism also comes inot here because it looks at how other people react when in the presence of different people. -
Right Realism ~ 3
...words it will make them think twice about what they are doing because they will know they are being watched. This has had an impact on the Criminal Justice System because it has deterred people from committing crimes and therefore less Court hearings are taking place. -
Right Realism ~ 2
....happens next. With this theory in place it means that crime has been taken more seriously and harsher and swifter sanctions have been put in place to deter people from committing crimes. The theory has influenced crime control policies based on deterrence because it has prevented people from trying to attempt crime. In relation to this increased CCTV have been put in place to raise the statement of "if criminals see the cameras they will make a choice not to commit a crime" in other.... -
Right Realism ~ 1
Right Realism is the theory of looking at Crime with a more realistic view of the causes and reasons why they occur. The theory was thought of by Wilson in 1975. Right Realists believe that crime is the result of social problems that require practical solutions.However they didn't believe it was a result of of poverty but more down to family values and lack of discipline. It is also related to the broken windows theory which is the theory of events having a knock on effect of the event that..... -
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Why was Positivism replaced by Right Realism?
In the late 20th Century Positivism was replaced by Right Realism. The factors that led to this were because of the swift punishments and Harsher sanction. The public felt safer and more confident with the Criminal justice system with these terms in place rather than with Positivism they felt that people with mental illnesses should have the same punishments as normal criminals. At the time of this change Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister and so made sure that these changes were put in place.