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Origin of "Intersectional Feminism"
Lawyer and theorist Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term "intersectionality" prior to the beginning of the third wave to express how a person's different identities (race, class, gender, etc.) overlap to influence how they are treated. This ideology gave rise to "intersectional feminism," which formed in response to the various ways in which women are oppressed. https://www.womenshistory.org/exhibits/feminism-third-wave -
Debate Feminista
The Mexican journal “Debate Feminista” is launched by Doctor Marta Lama. During its first 25 years, fifty volumes are published on a number of topics pertaining to gender and sexuality from the perspective of various disciplinary approaches in the social sciences and humanities. debatefeminista.cieg.unam.mx/en/quienes-somos.php -
Riot Grrrl Movement
Formed in Olympia, Washington, female punk band Riot Grrrls' musical approach is influenced by European punk from the 1970s and embraces punk's inclusion — the idea that anyone with a passion for music, but possibly without professional training, can perform. Their impact quickly expands beyond music to a broader movement – the 1992 Riot Grrrl convention in Washington, DC includes workshops on sexuality, rape, racism, and domestic abuse. https://literariness.org/2017/10/29/third-wave-feminism/ -
La Correa Feminista
La Correa Feminista is created by Ximena Bedregal Sáez, its purpose was to articulate feminist criticism and reflection. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ximena_Bedregal#Career -
Anita Hill Hearings
Anita Hill accuses Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment. Both parties are African American, and Thomas is touted as a popular contender for the nomination since the Supreme Court needs an African American presence. Televised, Hill speaks in front of the Senate's all-white male majority, and Thomas counters by denying everything and claiming to be a victim of a "high-tech lynching". https://www.womenshistory.org/exhibits/feminism-third-wave -
Rebecca Walker Heralds in the Third Wave
Despite Anita Hill’s accusations, Clarence Thomas is confirmed. In response to this, writer and activist Rebecca Walker publishes a piece in Ms. Magazine, founded by Gloria Steinem, supporting Hill and heralding the beginning of the Third Wave. She famously writes, “I am not a post-feminism feminist. I am the third wave.” https://feminisminindia.com/2018/04/27/brief-summary-third-wave-of-feminism/ -
The Third Wave Direct Action Corporation
The Third Wave Direct Action Corporation, later becoming The Third Wave Foundation, is founded by Rebecca Walker, Jennifer Baumgardner, and Amy Richards among many others. The organization’s initial mission is to fill a void in young women’s leadership and to mobilize young people to become more involved socially and politically in their communities. https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism/The-third-wave-of-feminism -
Women in Power
In 1993, Ruth Bader Ginsburg becomes the Supreme Court's second female justice (the first being Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, appointed in 1981) and Janet Reno is selected as the first female Attorney General. In 1995, first lady Hilary Clinton delivers her famous 'Women's Rights Are Human Rights' speech at the United Nations. In 1997, Madeleine Albright is elected as the first female Secretary of State. https://feminisminindia.com/2018/04/27/brief-summary-third-wave-of-feminism/ -
Sixth Encounter of "Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Encuentros"
Sixth Encounter of “Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Encuentros”; through the various workshops, women focus on methods to incorporate women's diversity in building the movement and avenues to work inside and outside patriarchal systems. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_Feminist_Encuentros#Eighth_Encounter -
The Family Medical Leave Act and the Violence Against Women Act
In 1993, the Family Medical Leave Act becomes law, allowing employees to take unpaid leave for family and medical situations. In 1995, the Violence Against Women Act is passed, which increases justice for women who have been abused. https://feminisminindia.com/2018/04/27/brief-summary-third-wave-of-feminism/ -
Women's Revolutionary Law
Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) announces the Women’s Revolutionary Law, which strives to change “traditional patriarchal domination” and empower "the woman". en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_EZLN#Women -
The Vagina Monologues
An episodic play called "The Vagina Monologues", written by Eve Ensler is released. The play becomes a landmark event in the Third Wave, exploring the consensual and nonconsensual sexual experiences, body image, genital mutilation, direct and indirect encounters with reproduction, vaginal care, menstrual periods, sex work, and several other topics through the eyes of women from various ages, races, sexualities, and other differences. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vagina_Monologues -
Seventh Encounter of "Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Encuentros"
The Seventh Encuentro takes place in Cartagena, Chile; a small group of autonomist feminists are in charge and there is a broader range of Chilean feminists who are unwilling to work with the organizing committee. The conference is boycotted by the majority of Chilean feminists and attendance is significantly lower than previous events. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_Feminist_Encuentros#Seventh_Encounter,_Cartagena,_Chile,_1996 -
The Third Wave Foundation
The Third Wave Direct Action Corporation is rebranded as the Third Wave Foundation in 1997; Third Wave Foundation supports and lays the groundwork for future grant-making and provides "emergency funding for abortions, scholarships, building young-women-led reproductive rights organizations, and providing general operating support for young-women-led groups and projects". https://www.thirdwavefund.org/history--past-initiatives.html -
Women in Media
The Third Wave redefines females as aggressive, powerful, and in charge of their own sexuality, in contrast to stereotypical conceptions of women as passive, weak, virginal, and faithful. Female pop culture figures such as singer Mary J. Blige, the television show "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" (1997 – 2003), and Disney's "Mulan" (1998) portray strong, independent, and clever women who would go on to influence the Fourth Wave. https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism/The-third-wave-of-feminism -
The National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous Women
The National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous Women is formed. The committee's goals include self-determination, autonomy, justice, respect for multiculturalism, and full exercise of the rights of women and indigenous peoples. www.iwgia.org/en/news/4386-community-gender-emergency-indigenous-women-s-response-to-multiple-forms-of-violence-and-territorial-dispossession-in-mexico.html -
La Casa de Encuentro Argentina
“La Casa de Encuentro Argentina” is founded to support female victims of violence, support gender equality, and denature sexism in Latin communities. www.lacasadelencuentro.org/ -
First African American Woman to Win Best Actress
Well-renowned African American actress Halle Berry wins the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the film Monster's Ball. Berry discusses how the medal and recognition extended beyond her in her acceptance speech. Halle Berry remains the first black woman to receive this honor. https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/articles/historic-moments-womens-history-us/ -
First International Day of Rural Women
International Day of Rural Women is celebrated for the first time on October 15th, 2008, recognizing the paper of the indigenous women and their importance in the alimentary contribution. www.telesurtv.net/telesuragenda/Mujeres-rurales-20151014-0059.html
