Special education

The history of special education (ED_660)

  • Family unions and local advocacy

    In the 1950s there were family associations that began lobbying for training for teachers of "mentally retarded" students as they were called at the time. They also protested the exclusion of their children from public schools.
    As a result, multiple laws that granted funding for special education were passed (Kent, 2023), (Staff, 2023)
  • Court ruling in the case of Brown vs. Board of Education

    The court ruled that segregated schools violated equal educational opportunity. It established an understanding that everyone deserved equal access to public education.
  • Schools Amendment Act

    An amendment to the Secondary and Elementary Education Act provided public funding for students with disabilities
  • The Rehabilitation Act

    The Rehabilitation Act specified that students with disabilities could not be denied benefits from programs that were funded by federal funds.
  • The EHA Act

    The Education for all Handicapped Children Act was signed into law to guarantee the right of children with disabilities to receive free, appropriate education (Staff, 2023).
  • Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley

    Every student who qualifies for special education programs must be provided with individualized instruction to meet their specific needs (Western Governors University, 2022).
  • The IDEA Act

    the EHA was substantially revised and was renamed as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA ensured the availability of meaningful, measurable programs for students with special needs. It also provided parents with more access to be involved in the development of their child's IEP program.
  • No Child Left Behind Act

    This Act improved the quality of special education programs at the state level by requiring special training for special education teachers. It also required state-wide assessments for teachers to teach students with disabilities.
  • Every Student Succeeds Act

    This Act rectified many of the controversies that the NCLB Act had. It did away with the standardized test requirement and penalties that schools faced if students were not on track to reach proficiency on state tests (Lee, 2023).