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- Columbus Exchange Spain sends conquistadors & Armada Spain sets up Encomiendas Three ships~Nina, Pinta ,Santa Maria
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England becomes superpower and begins colonization, under the commands of Duke of Medina Sidonia
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Virginia company ~Backer company
Joint Stock company ~investor Backed
Leader~ Captain John smith
1609-1610 desperate times
Powhatan Confederacy aides Jamestown
Tobacco , cash crop, Saves colony from extinction
Chesapeake becomes name of The surrounding area
Indentured Servants~Popular and useful
1618 ~50 acres given to a plantation owner who sponsored people over to america. -
First government in colonies
White property ~owning males could vote
Slavery begins in English colonies -
Arrived in Massachusetts in Mayflower
Plymouth~settlement
Mayflower compacts power came from governed not from god
Aid from local Indians to further the settlement -
Congregationalists ,John Winthrop,City on a hill
Idea??~Puritan and Calvinist idea
Ex.Religious Intolerance
Roger Williams banished ,Created Rhode island ~free religion
Anne Hutchinson
1629-42 Great Puritan Migration
1649-1660~little Immigration because England was mainly Puritan
Deputy governor~ Thomas Dudley -
Maryland,Lord Baltimore, Haven for Christmas & Catholics
1649~Act of Toleration protects Christians,Lacked characteristics of a constitution. -
Settlers v. Indian =problem
Governor Berkeley- was corrupt,the elite group wants to get the best land ,did not protect back country farmers
Nathanial Bacon- Led to the frontier farm and raids against the Indians and burned Jamestown which led to the creation of the black codes.Held by Virginia settlers -
Many executions ,Unrest in religion ,Politics and gender led to the witch hysteria
Witchcraft,Massachusetts,
February 1692-May 1693 -
British wins ~ but also leads to Anti~British sentiment
1754~1763
Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended it -
Defense,
Government plans
Not accepted
reform colonial-imperial relations
Benjamin Franklin
Join or die -
Forbids colonial settlement past Appalachian Mountains
Angered colonists
End of salutary Neglect
turning point of Britain~colonial relations
Line of proclamation -
Stop smuggling
Currency act ~ Colonists Can¨t make paper money -
Direct tax or revenue
Broad tax covered legal documents too
Affected almost everyone, especially literate and lawyers
taxed goods made in the colonies
No taxation without representation
British response ~virtual representation
Stamp Act congress Formed boycotts~ Act repealed
Declaratory act passed ~parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies -
Taxed goods imported from Britain
Paid for government officials salaries
More vice admiralty court created
Suspended NY legislation
¨writ of assistance¨ British can search anywhere , soldiers sent to Boston to keep the peace
On March 5, 1770 colonists protest
On 1769 Townshend duties repealed -
British troops
Major turning point in american revolution
Helped spark American independence -
Tea Tax protest
America winning its independence from Britain -
Closed Boston port; except for essentials
colonists had to house soldiers -
Georgia
Goals ~ determine grievances
Address Actions to grievances such as boycotts
Parameters which were considered Parliamentary interference -
Established continental army
Printing money
Established government offices for policies
George Washington~leader of army -
Concord -Shot heard round The world
British won
Samuel Adams and John Hancock ~Leaders -
America wants reconciliation with Britain
Last attempt to avoid armed conflict
King George III ignored it -
advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies
Why should an island rule a continent? Colonists have suffered abuses by British government -
Thomas Jefferson commissioned to write Declaration of independence
Signed August , 2,1776 -
first central government
lacked ability to tax,declare, form a military -
negotiated by Ben Franklin
Brings French into war on the colonists side
Battle of Saratoga -
Gave US land and independence
ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France -
NJ plan support small states , equal representation
Virginia plan checks and balances , supporting large states, representation based on population
Great compromise ~ bicameral
House of Representatives~representation according to population
Senate ~equal, 2 per state
3/5th compromise : slaves population , and empowered Southern states -
Cabinet Jefferson (secretary of state ) Hamilton (treasury)
National Bank created
Hamilton´s financial plan to reduce debt
Neutrality Proclamation
Pinckney´s treaty 1796
No third term -
September 17, 1787 approved the constitution
effective for the ratifying states when New Hampshire is the ninth state to ratify it. July ,21 ,1788 -
Freedom of speech.
Freedom of the press.
Freedom of religion.
Freedom of assembly.
Right to petition the government
10 amendments -
XZY affair
Alien &sedition acts
VA& KY resolutions ~ nullification
Midnight appointments~Ãdams placed more Judges in Judicial positions with Federalists
leads to Marbury V. Madison -
avoid political parties and issued a special warning to be wary of attachments and entanglements with other nations
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Lewis & Clark
provided a powerful impetus to westward expansion
confirmed the doctrine of implied powers of the federal Constitution -
British impressment
Embargo act 1807& Non intercourse act 1809 both hurt American economy -
Macon´s bill #2 doesn't work
Attacks from Britain and France
Declared War on Britain in 1812 short war , Treaty of Ghent
Battle of new Orleans ~ Jackson wins
Hartford Convention ~ end of federalist party
American system ~ tariff , Roads, re~charted National Bank ~ protective
Lobbied by Henry Clay -
the Monroe Doctrine.
5th president -
Dem. Party formed with Andrew Jackson supporters
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first political party in America
McCullough V. Maryland States can¨t tax national Banks
Panic of 1819~ people couldn¨t pay loans
Re~election
Adams ~Onis Treaty 1819 ~Flordia acquired from Spain
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise by Henry Clay
Missouri Slave state
Maine free state
36 30 Slavery is below that -
¨Era of common Man¨ Universal white male Suffrage
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Tariff of 1832 Nullification issues
Vetoed second bank of US Charter
Specie Circular
Panic of 1837
Nat turners Rebellion fails
Black codes
Whig party emerges
Anti~democratic party -
Panic of 1837
tenth secretary of state
Under president Andrew Jackson -
becoming the first president to die in office
-
Becomes president
¨President without a Party¨
second great awakening 1790-1840
Temperance
slavery, Abolition
Reforms of society -
he reduced tariffs, reformed the national banking system, Oregon Territory
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Texas clearly favored slavery
Free state vs slave state -
The Wilmot proviso Defeated quickly
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Oregon treaty established northern border with Canada
American Acquires OR,WA , parts of ID , WY, MT -
ends Mexican ~American war
Mexican cession $15 million for C (alifornia) A (rizona) N(evada) C(olorado) U(tah) N(ew mexico) -
Last Whig elected
1850 Taylor dies : Fillmore takes over -
Written by Stephan Douglas & Henry Clay
CA is a stare
Stronger fugitive Slave law UT & WM territory created; popular sovereignty will decide slave or free eventually
Abolished slave trade in DC -
14th president
temperance movement
signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act -
Harriet Beecher Stowe
shared ideas about the injustices of slavery, pushing back against beliefs about the physical and emotional capacities of black people -
Repealed Missouri compromise
Championed popular sovereignty will decide slave or free eventually
abolished slave trade in DC -
Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state
A series of violet conflicts on Kansas Territory
Because being free of slavery -
Slavery
Nearly almost killed Sumner
Led to civil war -
Freeport Doctrine
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Trying to slavery
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7 more join to form CSA with Jefferson Davis as president
South Carolina -
civil war begins
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Gaining freedom for slaves in the Confederate states ..if they did not return to the union
-
In April 1865 ~ war ended and Lincoln assassinated
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10% plan
Wade - Davis bill ~ Lincoln vetoed it
Johnson´s Reconstruction plan ~ kind of a combo of 10% +W-D Bill
Black codes instituted in South
14th amendment -
Divide the south into five military distracts and to make sure that the officers rewrote their constitutions
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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
-
Hayes = president
Military reconstruction ends in the south -
Sherman Anti~Trust Act
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lower tariffs would open markets abroad for American goods,reduced tariff rates
-
The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States that spanned the 1890s to the 1920s.
-
Americans drive spanish out of cuba & Phillippines
treaty of Paris ends war -
Limited Cuba rights to make treaties with other nations and commercial relations
-
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
Big stick Policy
America Not involved in Europe
Involved in western Hemisphere -
Woodrow WIlson
-
Proclamation of Neutrality ....The United states were being Neutral unless told other wise
-
World War I was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918
-
it was important because it risked many peoples lives at the hands of Germans
-
In Europe in 1914 A great thunderhead happened which resulted in Building and gathering steam.
-
A secret communication
Germany and Mexico -
The Zimmerman note was the event that caused the United States to join WWI.
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made it a crime to share information to inference the success of the country enemies
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United States to declare war on Germany
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President Wilson proposed Fourteen points. Of these points last which was called League of Nations
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The treaty of their side was the treaty that ended World War I in June 1919.
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Approved by the Senate on June 4, 1919, and ratified in August 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment marked one stage in women's long fight for political equality.
-
League of nations made it not pass in congress because WIlson was unwilling to compromise
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August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote.
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Between 1878, when the amendment was first introduced in Congress, and August 18, 1920, when it was ratified, champions of voting rights for women worked tirelessly, but strategies for achieving their goal varied.
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Immigration Act of 1924 affected immigration by Almost unrestricted immigration to the United States.
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.The Scopes Monkey Trial was A giant clash between Anti Religious thought and Religious thought and was the period were they made it illegal to teach Darwinian in public schools
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Harding~ scandals 1921
1923 ~Coolidge
Business
cars
October 1929 ~stock Market Crash
Great depression begins
1932 ~FDR
100 days
New deal implemented
scopes trail
prohibition, 18th amendment jazz Harlem Renaissance -
The work or fight rule was Drafting people into war that didn't have a job. As the men were leaving the workforce women took up their jobs.
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Banking Act of 1933
FDIC
AAA(Agricultural)
PWA(Public Works)
SEC(Securities &Exchange Commission)
1934~ second New deal
WPA
Social security
Good Neighbor policy
1935~1937 ~3 Neutrality acts
1940~Selective Training & service Act of 1940
1941 ~Lend ~lease act
Atlantic Charter Conference with Churchill
December 7 ,1941 ~Pearl Harbor Attacked
June 6,1944~D~day
Feb 1945~ Yalta conference
Potsdam~ determined A~bomb
1945~ FDR dies ~Truman becomes president
August 1945~Hiroshima & Nagasaki -
1947~ Truman Doctrine , Financial support of anti~communist nations for containment communism
Marshall plan,1949 NATO~ leads to CIA in America
1950~McCarthyism ~ Joseph McCarthy =names of communists in American government
1950-1953 Korean war ; Civil rights movement begins
Dwight Eisenhower =President
1954~Army McCarthy trails ends scare -
Jfk* freedom rides:try to end segregation in bus facilities , JFK sent troops to allow James Meredith to register at Univ. of Miss. MlK and other civil rights activists were thrown in jail Birmingham, Alabama ´Letter from a Birmingham Jail´
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in 1960 that birth control became legal nationwide in the U.S.
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¨i have a dream speech¨ Civil rights act (1964) segregation illegal in all public facilities & established Equal Employment Opportunity commission that banned discrimination in employment
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1974~ Nixon resigns
1974~ Gerald ford is president ; pardons Nixon
1977~Jimmy Carter elected president
1979~ 3-Mile island nuclear failure -
Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka
1956~ Suez Crisis
1957~sputnik launched leads to NASA being established
1960 U-2 incident
1961 ~ JFK becomes President ,Bay of pigs 1961 ~Vietnam Conflict begins
1962 ~Cuban missile Crisis
1963~ JFK assassinated ; LBJ becomes president
1964~ Civil rights Act of 1964 ~Vietnam :Gulf of Tonkin
1965~Great society legislation
1969~ Nixon is President 1969~1979~ Detente
1969~ Moon landing
1971~ America off gold standard
1972~Watergate scandal -
1981~First space shuttle launched
1983~Strategic Defense Initiative =¨Star wars¨
1986~Iran ~ Contra Scandal
1989~George H.W. Bush elected president
1990~1991,Persian Gulf War
1991~Operation Desert storm
1993~William ¨Bill"Clinton elected President
1994~NAFTA=North American Free Trade Agreement established
2000~George W. Bush Elected President, Wins amid Controversy
Sep.11,2001 Terrorist Attacks
2001~Patriot act -
But soon shot by John Hinckley Jr.
