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The world's regions became mroe connected. The movement of people, goods, and ideas increased. The global population tripled between these years. There were new technologies such as innovation is navigation, printing, and weaponry- also revolutionized travel, communication and warfare. New empires were also forming. New ideas and scientific knowledge influenced society and culture.
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These voyages, sponsored my the Ming Dynasty were much larger that Europena voyages.
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This put a risk on trade routes. European countries wanted to establish direct sea routes to Asia so they could reduce costs and gain better access to Asian goods.
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The aim of the Portugese was to find a sea route to Asia by sailing south and east, around Africa
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Columbus had belived that he had landed in the Indies but later voyages proved him wrong.
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The Portugese establish colonies in Brazil. The English, French, and Dutch came to North America and the Caribbean and formed colonies of their own. European states had extended their reach across the Atlantic and connected the Americas to the rest of the world.
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Because these rulers had absolute power, their form of rule
was known as absolutism. Absolute monarchs claimed that their right to rule came from God, a concept known as divine right. This notion of God-given authority was not new. -
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The Portugese moved on to the East Indies. They establish a base at Malacca- in present- day Malaysia- an another at Macao, in southern China.
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Magellan crossed the Pacific but was killed in the Philipines. One of his ships made it back after its 3- yeat journey. It was the first voyage to circle the globe.
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The Mughals defeated much larger Indian armies by using firearms and cannons. Eventually they gained control over most of the Indian subcontinent. They established an effective government and grew rich from the trade in cotton cloth and spices. Under their rule, the economy and culture of India flourished
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Although the Spanish were outnumbered by the Incan Army, they still had a high advantage since their weapons were more advanced and because they had the element of surprise. The Incan emperor was capture and killed then the Spanish continued to conquer the rest of the Americas.
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The Manchu invaders form the Qing Dynasty and expanded the Chinese empire.
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One Pacific Island that he visited included Hawaii. He also landed on the west coast of the Americas. His voyages helped bring the Pacific region into the new global system.
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Russian czars modernized the army and ruled with absolute power.