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French begins building forts along Ohio River
The French began to build forts to ensure French control over the region. They also wanted to keep the 13 Colonies contained. These forts became very important because during the war, there were many battles in the Ohio Valley region resulting in a massive loss in French lives. -
7 Years' War begins
The great empires of Europe struggled to maintain colonial territory, economic wealth and power on the European continent and in lands far away from Europe, such as North America. The war involved the largest armies and navies ever assembled in human history. To the rulers of France and England, Canada and the colonies were only pawns in a larger game. -
Period: to
Seven Year's War
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William Pitt becomes Prime Minister of Britain
He changed the focus from Europe to defeating France in North America. He sent one quarter of the British navy, which included two hundred ships and at least 23000 troops, to conquer New France. -
British attack at Fort Carillon
The British attack with a force of 15000 soldiers, but are defeated by 3600 French soldiers. The British attacking force was the largest army amassed in North America to that time. After the defeat, the British moved on to defeat Louisbourg. -
Fall of Louisbourg
The fortified town of Louisbourg had become a thorn in the side of the British, and the British wanted it out of the way. The British sent 39 ships and more than 12000 troops to attack Louisbourg. The British began to bombard the fort until the French surrendered on July 26, 1758. The British prime minister ordered that Louisbourg be totally demolished and razed. -
General Wolfe ordered to conquer Quebec
He is ordered to take Quebec, but during the battle, both Wolfe and Montcalm are among the casualties. He brought a large naval fleet with him, to assist in the battle along with 15000 soldiers. When the fleet landed, it stretched 150 miles and had a population greater than that of Quebec. -
Siege of Quebec City
The bombardment of the town of Quebec began on July 12, 1759 and lasted for 9 weeks. The bombardments completely destroyed Quebec. Wolfe also ordered that the French farms be destroyed for 150 miles along the St. Lawrence River. The defeat of Quebec seemed almost certain. -
Battle on the Plains of Abraham
This was the battle where the British conquered the city of Quebec. The battle is also where Wolfe and Montcalm are killed. The battle lasted less than three hours and after, there were 220 French dead and over 400 wounded. The British casualties were 67 dead and almost 600 wounded. -
Articles of Capitulation
Governor Vaudreuil signs the Articles of Capitulation and surrenders all of New France to Britain. There were many agreements that came along with the Articles, such as having the slaves remain slaves. It was also allowed to maintain Aboriginal allies. -
The Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris ends the Seven Years’ war. New France becomes the British colony of Quebec, and military rule ends. After the defeat, the members if the Canadian colonial militia had taken their oath of allegiance to the British sovereign and returned to their farms and towns. -
The Royal Proclamation
It set the boundaries and governmental policies of the colony of Quebec, along with those of East Florida, West Florida and Grenada. The ultimate authority would be the governors appointed by the English monarch. They were to have the power to: make, constitute and ordain laws, statues and ordinances for the Public Peace, welfare and good government. -
Pontiac signs peace treaty with English
Pontiac signs peace treaty with English- 1765. He tries to enforce that the surrender of French forts did not mean that Aboriginal territory had been surrendered. His influence dwindled as the British failed to rid the Aboriginal lands of settlers. Pontiac was eventually expelled from his tribe, and later murdered by Illinois tribesmen.
