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Spies in Canada:Gouzenko Affair
-The Souviet intelligence had several spy networks operating in Canada
-He wanted to stay in Canada when he and his family wanted to stay in Canada
-He offered the Canadian government secret documents exposing souviet spies and in return he asked for permanent protection
-Souviets attempted to kidnap him but Canadian officials got involved and 18/39 were convicted for criminal activities -
Quebec Padlock Law
-Anything suspected to do with Communism would be shut down
-The French Canadians believed in Communism -
The Fall of the Soviet Union
-Soviet Union was trying to persuade the world to a communist government but the USA did not agree
-They had many indirect battles but no matter how much the Soviet Union would try to persuade their was no communist growth
-The Soviet Union Government was falling
-It ended up resulting in the Soviet Union splitting into 15 different countries -
Berlin Blockade
-East and West Germany were competing to attract immigrants to eachother
-Berlin blockade was a wall like structure put up to block people from entering the other side
-USA, France and Britain controlled the west side of Germany while the Soviet Union controlled the east side of Germany
-West Germany soon invented planes that could fly over the Berlin Blockade -
The Suez Crisis
-Israel was created
-Arabs who lived there forever would not accept Israel as a state
-Egypt took control of the Suez canal
-Israel supported by Canadians attacked Egypt to take control of the Suez canal
-Lester Pearson found the solution which was to monitor the withdrawl of invading forces and to patrol the border area
-Pearson was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and soon after became the Prime Minister of Canada in 1963 -
International Alliances: NATO & Warshaw Pact
-Many countries including Canada were worried about National security
-Several nations fromed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
-This treaty was known as NATO
- Other countries have joined this millitary alliance
-In 1955 the Warshaw pact was created because the Soviet Union was worried about NATO -
"The Forgotten War" The Korean War
-China attacked South Korea
-North Korea called on UN members but only 16 came to their rescue
-Canadian troops stayed until truce was maintained until 1955 -
Sputnik & Canada`s Space Program
-Soviets launched the first satellite
-The satellite could also be used to send nuclear war head to anywhere in North America
-The United States replaced their stock with long range missles known as intercontinental ballistic missles
-Then the Soviets built long range missles -
Continental Alliances: NORAD & DEW line
-NORAD stands for NorthAmerican Air Defence
-North America needed a better defence plan against enemies missles
-NORAD signed in 1958
-Canada and the United States teamed up to defend eachother
-distant early warning system is called the DEW line that the USA set up to help defend Canada -
Diefenbaker, Bomarc missles and Nuclear War heads in Canada
-Diefenbaker was the prime minister of Canada and sent our nuclear weapons to Germany and France
-His promise was that he refused to accept nuclear bombs that the planes would carry -
Avro Arrow & its Cancellation
-The Canadian economy began to slow down and many Canadians lost their jobs
-14000 Canadians lost their jobs due to the cancellation
-The Avro Arrow was a fighter jet built by Canadians
-The government scheduled to cancel the flight because they did not have enough money and its too expensive
-The same day the Sputnik took off and went into orbit was the same day that the Avro Arrow got off of the assembly line -
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
-In 1961 the government agreed that instead of the Berlin Wall their would be a border where each side could go into the others
-Many people celebrated the fall down of the Berlin Wall
-Instead of before the Berlin wall how East Germany was fleeing into West Germany both sides were going into one another -
Cuban Missle Crisis
-American spies found that Soviets were setting up missle sites in Cuba
-The missles could be launched to hit any major city in North America
-A blockade was put up so the Soviets cannot deliver missles or warheads
-When the Soviet ships saw the blockade as their ships were approaching they immediatley turned around -
Canada-Soviet Hockey Series
-Canada had not been able to defeat the Russian teams
-In the last few minutes of one of their games Paul Henderson scored a goal resulting in a tie
-Canada won the series
-Canadians took national pride and were once again proud to be Canadian -
Vietnam War & Draft Dodgers
-Draft dodgers were people from the USA who would escape to Canada so they would not have to face conscription in the Vietnam war -Canada did not get involved in the war because their was no millitary alliance
