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150000 people gathered in Sydney's Centennial Park to witness the birth of a new nation. 113 years after the first white settlement, the six colonies of the continent had become one country. But, there were no Indigenous Australians in the crowd.
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The first meeting of Aboriginal people was held and a document called 'Aboriginals Claim Citizen Rights' was circulated. This declaration was the first time Aboriginal people made a national protest. It was widely reported in papers and some whites started to notice their difficult situations.
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The awareness of the second-class status of Indigenous Australians became even more obvious to the general public as a result of World War 2 (1939-1945). Many Aboriginies served in the armed forces and thousands moved into towns to work in the wartime industries. Aboriginals felt that if they could fight and then die for their country they deserved equality.
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After World War 2 white attitudes towards the first Australians began to change. During the 1950s the Aboriginals were allowed to enroll for voting, drink in hotels, and travel without restrictions. By the early 1960s Aboriginal adults received pensions and maternity benefits. But inequalities still remained in pay, voting, access to facilities, control of children, and land rights.
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250000 people marched across the Harbour Bridge carrying signs critical of the prime minister's refusal to say 'sorry' to the Indigenous Australians. 400000 people in Melbourne in December. They showed concern about the need to; apologise for the past treatment of Aborginal people, imp[rove their living standards, provide them with a fair deal over rland rights and to give their culture more status.
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