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Zionist Movement
It's a form of a nationlaism of jews supporting the formation of a jewish national state. This movement, up until now, is creating a disagareement between the Arabs especially Palestinians and the Israel and the countries that support it. -
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Middle East in the 20th century
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WWI
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World War One
It was a major war centered in Europe. it was between the two allies ( Tripe Entente : UK, France and Russia) and (Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy). It was the first war that most of the countries in the world participate in one war directly or indirectly Also, the entire political map of Europe changed after the First World War as well as the Middel Eastern countires. in the middle east, waorl war resulted in the Sykes-Picot agreement that divided the arab countires. -
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Husseina McMahon Correspondence
It was an exchange of letters between Sherif Makkah Hussein an d the British hight commissioner in Egypt, sir Henry Mchmahon. they were concerned about the future of the territpries under the Ottoman Empire. The deal was that the Arab willl revolt against the Ottomans with alliance with the united kingdom that will declare the independence of the Arab state. later, the Sykes-Picot agreement showed Uk's intentions behind this which was to impose theri influence over the Arab countries. -
Sykes -Picot Agreement
It was a secret agreement bewteen France and United States. The agreement effectively divided the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire outside the Arabian peninsula into areas of British and French control or influence (mandates). it is seen as a turning point in The Western-Arab relations. -
Balfour Declaration
It was a letter from the United Kingdom's Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Baron Rothschild, a leader of the British Jewish community, it claims that UK is supporting the establishment of a jewish national state in Palestine. This declaration is one of the major shifts in the history of the missle east reagardong the issue of the zionist movement and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. -
World War II
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World War II
This world also included the major powers including Japan. It was the most widespread war in the history. Over 100 million soldiers participated in the war. one of the war's major results is the concentration camps that lead to a hight discrimination against jews and a zionist movement. -
Jordan Independence
Jordan gined its independence from the British contorl in 25th of may, 1946. It then started to be ruled by the Hashemite family starting with King Abdullah I. This event was important in the history of the middle east because it's a sign of the compromise that was eventually reached between UK and transjordan after all Sykes-Picot and the Hussein McMahon correspondence. -
The Palestinian Catastrophe
AL NAKBA_ The Palestinian Catastrophe 1948 After the spark of the zionist moevemnt was lit again, this catastrophe occured causing around 725,000 Palestinian Arabs to flee or being expelled from their homes, during the
Arab-Israeli War, this conflict lead to the huge numbers of the palestinian refuegee camps all around the world. -
Iran - Iraq War
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Iran - Iraq War
It started by Iraq invading Iran's air and land forces becasue of iconomic reasons and boarders dispute. The war caused a big damage for both of the countries. it also was the longest conventional war of the 20th century. -
The Gulf war
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The Gulf War or Operation Desert War
it was a war between Iraq and Kuwait with the condimnation of the US. it started afetr Saddam Hussien had got out of a war with Iran that caused a lot of economic problems for the country. a rich oily land was under dispute between Iraq and Kuwait which started all the war. This war was important in the M.E history becaue it resulted in the beginning of the US invasion in Iraq.
