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Created the Constitution - James Madison was the father/wrote. New Jersey Plan wanted equal representation for all states, the Virginia Plan wanted representation based on Population. The Great Compromise combined the two plans, by splitting the legislative branch into the Senate and the House of Representatives. Because the House of Representatives, is based on population, the issue of slaves counting as part of the the population came up. The ⅗ Compromise said that slaves were to be counted as
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This act gave a new role to the Judiciary branch. This also set up the lower courts to the Supreme court. Set up 6 Supreme Court justices.
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Citizens can sue another state that they don’t actually live in.
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A rebellion over whiskey, that George Washington came in and squashed like a boss. This showed the strength in the Constitution and federal government
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An attempt by the United States to be diplomatic, but diplomats X,Y,&Z required a money transaction to talk to the king of france, but they refused and came home. This stirred up war talk against France.
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Said that if you were a citizen of county that the United States was at war with, we could deport you. It also says that you cannot say anything bad about the governing party. These acts were set to expire at the end of Adams term. The Kentucky and the Virginia resolutions said that the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional.
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Thomas Jefferson (a Democratic-Republican) beat out John Adams (a Federalist). Ushered in the era of Democratic-Republican rule and demolished the Federalist party.
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Marbury vs. Madison is a landmark case in the United States law. It basically made a base for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution.
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A purchase of land from France for $50 million in 1803 by Thomas Jefferson. Napoleon needed money to fund France’s wars.
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It was a general embargo enacted by the United States Congress in 1807. The Embargo of 1807 and the subsequent Nonintercourse Acts were American laws restricting American ships from engaging in foreign trade.
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On 1 March 1809, the Nonintercourse Act replaced the Embargo Act, allowing transatlantic trade to resume. The act prohibited French and British ships from entering American ports.
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A law that negates all property rights established under an earlier law is unconstitutional.
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Said that any if either England or France was willing to stop being jerks and impressing the American sailors then they would trade with them. France took the oppurtunity but lied.
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This was a war between England and the United States. This happened in Madison's presidency. There was a lot of war talk, mostly from the war Hawks, and Native Americans are a big cause of the war. One famous battle was the Battle of New Orleans with Andrew Jackson. America wins and makes itself a force to be avoided.
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The Battle of New Orleans took place after the Treaty of Ghent, which was signed in 24 December 1814. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war of 1812, with no loss of territory on either side. The Battle of new orleans was significant because it showed the military leadership of Andrew Jackson.
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James Monroe was elected president. There was only one party, the Democratic-Republicans, and that is why the call it the era of good feelings. They also passed the Monroe Doctrine.
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Andrew Jackson thought that the Second BUS was corrupt and so when the charter ran out, he didn’t renew it in 1836.
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Settled the nature of public versus private charters and resulted in the rise of the American business corporation.
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Attempt to stop the BUS by putting a tax on bank notes
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The second revitalization of religion led by Charles Finney which led to cultural events like Prohibition and the abolition movement.
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Citizens could not purchase land from Native Americans
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John Quincy Adams beats out Andrew Jackson with less popular and electoral votes. Promises Henry Clay to be Secretary of State if Clay (who was Speaker of the House) persuaded the House to elect Adams.
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The power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause
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Andrew Jackson wins against John Quincy Adams after the “corrupt bargain” election.
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Signed into action by Andrew Jackson which removed the Native American’s from their homeland. Brought the Trail of Tears.
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Event that led up to the Civil War. South Carolina had decided to nullify a tariff that was enacted by John Q. Adams. Both Jackson and South Carolina were preparing troops but no military action took place and the tariff was negotiated.
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The Confederate States of America and the Union go to war over the issues of states' rights and slavery.
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Bloodiest single day of the Civil War. 23,000 casualties. Union victory but McClellan does not pursue Lee and is removed from duty. Used by Lincoln to put the Emancipation Proclamation in.
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Declared that all slaves in seceded states were free. Slavery was not made illegal for everyone until the ratification of the 13th amendment.
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Wealthy could pay $300 to get out or find a substitute for the Civil War. Caused issues with immigrants who didn't want to fight and couldn't pay or find replacements.
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Abolished slavery across the nation and was the first major part of reconstruction.
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Treaty signed at Appomattox Court House. Northern victory. Now the question was what to do with the Southern states.
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Gave black people citizenship.
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Gave blacks the right to vote.
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Discriminated against women. Company did not give woman a job because she was a woman. The court upheld the decision.
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A financial crisis in 1873. It raised the "money question", debtors seeking a monetary policy by continuing circulation of greenbacks. Creditors and intellectuals supported hard money.
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Feds can regulate actions of states. It is up to the states to regulate individuals. Caused southern states to revert back to pre-civil war politics.
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Essentially ruined all the African American progress after the Civil War. It removed all federal troops from the South and allowed Jim Crow Laws to stay in the South.
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The compromise between the halfbreeds and the stalwarts in the republican party did not last as Charles Guiteau (a stalwart) kills James A. Garfield (a halfbreed).
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Act made by Chester A. Arthur that said government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit. Created civil service exams for people applying and reformed some patronage acts during the gilded age.
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An act named after Massachusetts Senator Henry Dawes that started the assimilation process for Native Americans. Indian children were forced to learn English, pick new names, and cut their hair in boarding schools that forced them into the American culture.
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A photo story by Jacob Riis about how the poor live in America in large cities. Considered a muckraking piece that exposed slums to middle and upper classes.
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U.S. troops went to a Native American tribe to confiscate firearms. They attempted to take a rifle away from a deaf Indian and since he couldn’t understand they began fighting and the rifle went off. The troops then opened fire on the tribe, killing 300 men, women, and children
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And industrial strike against Carnegie Steel Company. Mercenaries known as Pinkertons were called in and it resulted in 9 striker deaths and 7 Pinkerton deaths. Helped pave the way for unions and fair labor laws.
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The founder of the NAACP is WEB Du Bois, and Ida B. Wells. The NAACP stands for the national association for the advancement of colored people, and they worked to get equal rights for black americans. The NAACP was a key organization in the fight for equality.
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This scare spread over the Labor Unions and spread the fear of anarchism and communism to the United states. This lead to several strikes, and deaths on the May Day riots in 1919.
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This describes the race riots that happened in the fall of 1919. One of the more notably cities that was attacked was Chicago.
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The Harlem renaissance was a cultural movement in the black community that put an emphasis on the arts, such as jazz and poetry. Also known as the “New Negro Movement” some key contributors were Fats Waller, Duke Ellington, and Jelly Roll Morton
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Between FDR and Herbert Hoover. Hoover had just finished his first term and lost to FDR. The first of FDRs 4 terms.
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An economic plan from FDR that began in 1933 and ended in 1936 that was used to promote relief, recovery, and reform for the economy and the country.
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The US dropped two atomic bombs on the civilian cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Caused Japan to surrender.
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The Truman Doctrine was the American foreign policy in 1947 of providing economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey because they were threatened by communism. It was the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion; it was a major step in beginning the Cold War.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization. An international organization that was created in 1949 in which for the purposes of collective security in North America and Western Europe. Also tried to stop communism.
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Ended Chinese Civil War with the communist party taking over. The fall of China to communism scared those in NATO.
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A war that lasted from 1950 until 1953 ending in an American defeat and the separation of North Korea being communist and South Korea being democratic. One of the proxy wars under the Truman Doctrine.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes president and is also a major contributor during the ongoing Cold War during his presidency. Creates MAD and Massive Retaliation.
