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Brown v. Board of Education
The nine judges of the supreme court unanimously ruled that public schools violated the 14th amendment due to racial segregation within its schools. " It thus rejected as inapplicable to public education the “separate but equal” doctrine, advanced by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)". https://www.britannica.com/event/Brown-v-Board-of-Education-of-Topeka/Decision -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act is a program that was created in 1965 "that allocates federal funding for primary and secondary school education and forbs the establishment of a national curriculum." This act was reestablished to what we see today as No Child Left Behind that was created in 2002. https://education.laws.com/ -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
This was the very first law in the country to overturn a law in Pennsylvania to create equality within schools to have a proper education. "The case quickly settled before the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pa., resulting in a consent decree in which the state agreed to provide a free public education for children with mental retardation." https://pubintlaw.org/ -
In the Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Colombia
The Mills had a law suit for 7 children that were being denied public education in D.C because their type of disabilities would cost extra for the school to accommodate them. "Mills was one of the first cases in the US that guaranteed the right of students with any disability to a public education, regardless of the cost to the school system, and led to comprehensive federal legislation protecting disabled children's right to free public education." https://embryo.asu.edu -
Section 504
This law explains that no student by any reason disability or not " be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance or under any program or activity conducted by any Executive agency or by the United States Postal Service." https://www.dol.gov/agencies/oasam/centers-offices/civil-rights-center/statutes/section-504-rehabilitation-act-of-1973 -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
The reason for creating this law is due to handicapped children are not get their educational needs fully met and they are not going through the education process with their peers. "Provides that the Commissioner of Education shall, in accordance with provisions of the Education of the Handicapped Act, make payments to State educational agencies for grants made for assistance in providing full educational opportunity to all handicapped children."
https://www.congress.gov/ -
Handicapped Children's Protection Act
To whomever participated in the Education of the handicapped act shall be awarded with, "reasonable attorneys' fees, expenses, and costs to the parents or guardian of a handicapped child or youth who is the prevailing party in a civil suit under such Act to protect the child's right to a free appropriate public education." https://www.congress.gov/ -
Americans With Disabilities Act
This bill is to protect all people with disabilities from discrimination in public places such as, "employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and access to state and local government’ programs and services." https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/disability/ada -
IDEA
It is an acronym that stands for individuals with disabilities education act. This federal law was passed in 1975 that helps integrate people with a physical or mental disabilities in with students that are general ed. -
No Child Left Behind Act
This act tries to help with education for 4 major groups; Students in poverty, color, special education services and those who speak little to know English. "NCLB held schools accountable for how kids learn and achieve. It did this through annual testing, reporting, improvement targets, and penalties for schools." https://www.understood.org/en/articles/no-child-left-behind-nclb-what-you-need-to-know