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POLITICAL. Thomas Selkrik looks west to settle his poor Scottish people immigrating to Canada. He finds the Red River area, which is already inhabited by the Metis but is politically unclaimed, and establishes the Red River Settlement there.
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SOCIAL. As Selkrik leads his Scottish people into settlement in the Red River, they encounter the Metis people. Already living there for many years, the Metis Natives gradually find that the settlers are taking away their rightful territory through political claiming, depriving them of their home and culture.
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POLITICAL. The United States of America are driven by the belief of Manifest Destiny. It states that the Americans are destined and deserve to conquer and control all of North America, including the BNA. This psychologically threatens the people of Canada.
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POLITICAL. Strained relations and want for conquest leads to a war between the British Empire and the United States of America. Canada, as colonies of Britain, are involved in conflict with the Americans attempting to march north and invade the BNA.
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SOCIAL. The Napoleonic Wars end, and many people want to start new lives in Canada, away from the post-war impacts. They also attempt to escape poverty and the harsh living conditions in Britain.
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ECONOMIC. The Northwest Company starts to lose its place in the fur trade and declines into debt. As a result, it is forced to merge with the Hudson Bay Company under the latter's name.
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GEOGRAPHY. As the Northwest Company and Hudson Bay Company merge into one, the fur trading company looks to settle the western coast of Canada. As it borders the water and the Oregon region, it is a good base for both trading, resources, and expansion.
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ECONOMIC. George Simpson becomes the new head of the Hudson's Bay Company. Under his leadership and aggressive policy, the company begins to flourish.
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POLITICAL. The Durham Report proposes a change in the system of Canadian government. This leads to the establishing of a responsible government in Canada; the government is reponsible to the people, who elect their own leaders. This form of government carries on to this day.
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POLITICAL. The people of Lower Canada are unhappy with the oligarchic government run by the Chateau Clique. Louis-Joseph Papineau leads patriots to rise in rebellion against the unfair government.
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POLITICAL. People of Upper Canada are unhappy with the oligarchies of the Family Compact running the colony's government. After watching Lower Canada rise in rebellion against their own government, they do so as well.
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POLITICAL. John George Lambton, the Earl of Durham, visits an unhappy Canada after the rebellions. Upon investigating the cause of the rebellions and the unfair government, he publishes the Durham Report to propose to the British government a merging of the two Canadas under a different governmental system.
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SOCIAL. The Irish Famine begins in Ireland, forcing people into poverty. Attempting to find a new, better life across the ocean, many Irish peasants immigrate to Canada in the 1840's.
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ECONOMIC. Gold is found in the rivers of British Columbia. This attracts settlers to the area in pursuit of riches, leading to a gold rush.
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ECONOMIC. James Douglas, governor of British Columbia, builds the Cariboo Road. It creates a new path through the province for settlers migrating west for the Cariboo Gold Rush.
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GEOGRAPHY. As the Dominion of Canada is established, the government immediately turns its attention to political and territorial expansion. The largely unsettled western lands, inhabited only by Natives on unclaimed territory, is a target just waiting to be hunted.
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POLITICAL. Four formerly BNA colonies join forces to create the dominion of Canada. This happened after going through the process of three conferences leading to confederation.
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ECONOMIC. Rupert's Land was a resource and place of trade for the HBC, who owned it formerly. Through the Deed of Surrender, the company is forced to hand the land over to the posession of Canada.
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POLITICAL. Canadian settlers expand west into the Red River territory, and the Metis originally living in the area are unhappy for having their land forcibly taken from them for settlement. Led by Louis Riel, the Metis of the Red River rise in rebellion to make a say and attempt to take their land back.
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ECONOMIC. The long-lasting monopoly that was granted to the Hudson's Bay Company by the former government of BNA is taken away from them by the dominion of Canada. The rights to fur trading in the nation is given to any mercenary.
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POLITICAL. The North-West Mounted Police is created by John A. Macdonald. The group is given the reponsibility of policing the region for the limiting of alcohol trade.
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ECONOMIC. The Canadian Pacific Railway, which was discussed to be created since the creation of confederation, is finally begun. It is planned to link the provinces of Canada in trade.
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POLITICAL. Louis Riel and the Metis, still unhappy with the constant cheating out of land by the Canadian land speculators who want to sell their rightful land to the settlers, organize another rebellion. Joined and encouaged by Gabriel Dumont, the Natives rise in a second rebellion against the government.
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POLITICAL. Louis Riel is charged for treason and put on trial. Deemed dangerous and a wrongful inspiration for rebellion, as well as guilty for leading two unsuccessful Metis rebellions against the Canadian government, he is punished by execution.
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ECONOMIC. Following the Cariboo Gold Rush, gold is found once again in the Yukon. This leds settlers to once more migrate to the source of potential riches, this time in the north-west.
