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The Underground Railroad (2)
The Underground Railroad was a secret network of people,places,and routes in the North that led slaves to freedom. The Underground Railroad helped slaves escape from the South and their plantations.It gave the slaves a chance at freedom.White abolitionists,escaped slaves,conductors,station masters,stockholders, and slave catchers were all involved in the Underground Railroad.Slaves mostly escaped from the Southern border states to the North to escape to Canada. -
The Underground Railroad (3)
Some slaves in the deep South travelled South to Mexico. In the Underground Railroad slaves would follow rivers,travel with conductors,hide on a ship or wagon, or go to a station masters house to help them to freedom.They would use secret code with other slaves to know when to escape.They also followed secret signs,moss on trees, and the North Star to know they were going the right way.Harriet Tubman was a famous conductor of the Underground Railroad. -
Underground Railroad (1)
Isaac T. Hopper, a Quaker, began a system for hiding and aiding runaway slaves in 1787. This is what started the Underground Railroad. March 20th is the first day of spring, and spring was the safest time to of the year to escape, therefore March 20, 1787 will be the start date. The end date, December 6, 1865 was when the 13th Amendment ending slavery was passed, thus ending the need to escape on the Underground Railroad. -
Frederick Douglass (2)
He moved to Britain to avoid being caught because his real name was mentioned in his writing.Later he bought his freedom and moved back to the U.S. with a different name.He began publishing "The North Star," which was an abolitionist newspaper.Frederick Douglass was very involved in politics.He felt that African Americans should be allowed to join the Union Army during the Civil War. Frederick Douglass was also married to a white woman, which was very unusual. -
Frederick Douglass (1)
Frederick August Washington Bailey was born in Tuckahoe, Maryland in 1817.He was a black man born a slave.His father was an anonymous white man.He was sold into slavery at the age of nine.He escaped his owners at the age of 20 by a boat.He became involved in the anti-slavery movement by becoming a station master.He also did public speaking on anti-slavery.He was most famous for his speeches.He wrote the autobiography,"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass." -
The Missouri Compromise (1)
The Missouri Compromise was created to settle a big conflict over whether Missouri would be a free state or a slave state. The Northern and Southern states argued until they finally came up with a compromise.Before Missouri was officially a state, slaveholders travelled to the new territory. Congressman James Tallmadge from the North proposed that there be no slaves in Missouri and the children of slaves less than 25 years of age be freed. -
The Missouri Compromise (2)
The South argued that Congress had no right to make these conditions when every other state joined the Union without conditions. The South also argued that if Missouri joined with conditions, it would not be equal to the older states. If this were the case, then the United States would no longer be a union of equal states. The House of Representatives passed the Tallmadge amendment while the Senate vetoed it. In the end the Missouri Compromise was created. -
The Missouri Compromise (3)
It was decided that under the Missouri Compromise, Missouri would enter the states as a slave state. The areas above the 36’ 30’ north latitude line would be free territory though. Lastly, it was decided the Maine would enter the states as a free state to balance everything out. This resulted in the balance of free and slave state representation.The Missouri Compromise was passed on March 3, 1820 -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (1)
Nat Turner led a rebellion on August,21 1831 in Virginia of about 60 slaves against plantation owners and family members.Nat Turner was a slave on the Travis plantation.The rebellion started with the Travis family first.They killed the entire family.The rebelling slaves then moved on to other plantations.In the end, the rebellion killed about 60 plantation owners and family.The response to the rebellion was to call out the militia. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (2)
About 3,000 troops were sent out to capture Nat Turner and the other slaves that participated in the rebellion. Many slaves were tried in court and were found guilty and executed.This included Nat Turner.Some slaves in other states were accused of participating in the rebellion, they were also tried and court and found guilty.The outcome of the rebellion resulted in plantation owners and families becoming very nervous.Some white men took part in acts of violence against African Americans. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion (3)
About 200 slaves were killed by these mobs.Southern states also passed new laws that limited what slaves could do.These were known as the Black Codes.In the end, the rebellion hurt the African American's community more than it helped them. -
Compromise of 1850 (1)
President Millard Fillmore completed the Compromise when he signed in slave trade bill into law on Sep 20, 1850. There were 5 parts to the Compromise.The first part was that CA would join the Union as a free state.The second part split the Western lands that were won from the Mexican War into territories.Third, slave trade was no longer allowed in Washington, D.C., but they were still allowed to hold slaves.Next, the border of TX was settled. -
Compromise of 1850 (3)
Judges were paid $10 to send slaves back.Some people turned in innocent African Americans just to get money.They could do this because there was no way to prove that they were slaves or not and they could not defend themselves in court.The Fugitive Slave Act caused the Underground Railroad to become more active.The Compromise was only a temporary solution.Americans knew a Civil War was going to occur. -
Compromise of 1850 (2)
Texas would get $10 million from th US to pay off their debt to Mexico if they agreed to the border. Lastly, the fugitive slave act completed the Compromise. Under this law, all runaway slaves had to be returned to their owners. The problem with this is that free blacks in the North were captured and sent into slavery.White people had to report of any runaway slaves that they knew of, if they did not then they could be fined and jailed.Also,blacks had no way to defend themselves in court. -
Kansas Nebraska Act (2)
He wanted supporters because he wanted to run for president.Under the Missouri Compromise the territories were above the 36' 30' line so they would automatically become free states.The Kansas-Nebraska Act gave the South a chance of gaining two more slave states.The South supported this plan but the North did not.They did not like it because without this plan they would have automatically gained two free states.Steven Douglas figured the North would be okay with the plan but his plan backfired. -
Kansas Nebraska Act (3)
The North saw this act as an act of betrayal.He gave the South a chance of gaining more slave states, when the North would have automatically gained two more states.Steven Douglass's Act started a summer of violence throughtout Kansas, giving the territory its name, "Bleeding Kansas." -
Kansas Nebraska Act (1)
Stephen Douglas's plan, the Kansas Nebraska Act, was passed on May 30, 1854. This act said that the territories of Kansas and Nebraska would vote to see i they wuld be a free or slave state.Stephen Douglas introduced the plan because he wanted to run for president. -
Bleeding Kansas (1)
On May 24th,1856 David Walker led antislavery supporters to proslavery families houses by Pottawatomie Creek. They killed five men in front of their families.This was just one act of violence during the summer of Bleeding Kansas.Everything began when Steven Douglas introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act.This act stated that the Kansas and Nebraska territories would be able to vote to see if they will be a free or slave state. -
Bleeding Kansas (2)
The North strongly disagreed with this plan because it gave the South a chance of gaining two more slave states, which the North did not like.The abolitionists in the North especially did not like this plan since they already were against slavery.Free landers, which were settlers committed to keeping the territory of Kansas free of slavery, moved to the Kansas territory to vote to make the territory free.Proslavery people moved to Kansas also to vote illegally to make the territory a slave state -
Dred Scott Case (1)
In March of 1857 Chief Justice Roger B. Tawney declared that slaves and free blacks could never become citizens of the United States.Dred Scott was born in Virginia in 1799 as a slave.He belonged to the Blow family until they sold him to an army doctor South of St. Louis, Missouri in 1830.He lived with Dr. Emerson in the free territories Illinois and Wisconsin for the next 12 years.Scott married Harriet Robinson who was a slave also.They moved back to Missouri with the Emersons in 1842. -
Dred Scott Case (2)
When Dr. Emerson died, Scott and his family were hired out to other people to make Mrs. Emerson money.Scott decided to sue for his freedom after three years of this.Mrs. Emerson and Dred Scott went back and forth in court until finally Mrs. Emerson turns Dred Scott over to her brother, John Sanford.Dred Scott was represented by an abolitionist lawyer.The court was deciding whether or not Scott should even have the right to be heard by the court. -
Dred Scott Case (3)
The Court said that the Missourt Compromise of 1820 was not legal so they got rid of it.Chief Justice Tawney came to the decision that Scott must remain a slave and that he was property.When Dred Scott lost his case, this helped people realize that slaves were not property, but they were people.Mrs. Emerson decided to give Scott back to the Blow family, who gave Scott and his family their freedom.The next year Dred Scott died, but he died a free man. -
Presidential Election of 1860 (3)
Lincoln looked upon the states as if they were rebelling, not a different country.All together seven Southern states formed the Confederate States of America in February of 1861. -
Presidential Election of 1860 (2)
Stephen Douglas was the Northern Democrat and John Bell was in the Constitutional Union Party.Douglas was pro slavery if the people of the states wanted it and John Bell was pro slavery.
Douglas only received 29 percent of the votes while Bell received 13 percent.Lincoln only won with 40 percent of the popular vote while Breckinridge received 18 percent.The South argued that they voluntarily joined the Union so they could leave the Union if they pleased. -
Presidential Election of 1860 (1)
On November 6, 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the United States.On Dec 20,1860, South Carolina seceded from the Union.The South was inraged that Lincoln could win the election without any Southern votes.Lincoln received 180 electoral votes from all of the free states except for half of New Jersey.Lincoln's view on slavery was moderate.He did not want to end slavery, he just did not want it to expand, unlike John Breckinridge.Breckinridge was the Southern Democrat. -
Attack on Fort Sumter (1)
On April 12, 1861, Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard opened fire on Fort Sumter.Fort Sumter was a Union fort on an island in the Charleston Harbor in South Carolina.On April 10 Beauregard surrounded the Fort and demanded that they surrender.Major Robert Anderson refused to surrender.The fort could not fight because they had no supplies and the Conferate ships prevented the Fort's supply ships to get through the Main Ship Channel in the Harbor.The harbor was surrounded by swamps. -
Attack on Fort Sumter
Conferate batteries also surrounded the Harbor and 2 Confederate Forts were at the entrance of the Main Ship Channel.After a day, Fort Sumter surrendered to the Confederate troops.By firing on Fort Sumter, the South had commited an act of rebellion on federal property.Virginia,North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas joined the Confederacy.The attack of Fort Sumter started the Civil War between the Union and the Confederacy.
