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British retreat from Boston moving the war to the Middle states.
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General William Howe and Admiral Richard Howe, join forces on Staten Island and sailed into New York harbor with 32,000 soldiers including thousands of German mercenaries(Hessians).
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America retreats from NY following heavy losses
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British had pushed Washington's army across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania
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Washington led 2,400 men in small row boats across the Delaware River
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The men marched nine miles to Trenton and surprise attacked the drunk Hessians.
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Americans won against 1,200 British stationed at Princeton
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General Howe began his campaign to seize the American capital, Washington's troops were unsuccessful in blocking Philadelphia
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Gen. Burgoyne wanted to meet up with Howe's army but got surrounded and was forced to surrender to gates.
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Continental army camped here during the winter of 1777-1778 and suffered from frostbite and starvation.
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France recognizes American independence and signed an alliance or treaty of cooperation
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Friedrich von Steuben was a Prussian drillmaster who volunteered to train Washington's army and made them go from country bumpkins to ordinary soldiers.
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The men suffered; 2,000 died. Washington wrote to congress.
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The British began to move their focus to the South where there was loyalist support
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A British expedition easily took Savannah, Georgia
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A french aristocat who joined Washington's army and lobbied for french reinforcement in France
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A royal governor once again commanded Georgia
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Greatest victory, Britain captures Charleston, SC and marches 5,500 American soldiers off as prisoner
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General Henry Clinton and General Charles Cornwallis sailed south with 8,500 men
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Cornwallis army smashed American forces at Camden and within three months had forts established all over South Carolina
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A French army of 6,000 landed in Newport, Rhode Island
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The British expected Americans to flee but the Continental army fought back and forced the red coats to surrender
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Angered by defeat at Cowpens Cornwallis attacked Greene two months later at Guilford Court House, NC. Cornwallis won but lost a fourth of his men.
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Greene had weakened the British but was worried about the fight for the South so asked Lafayette for help
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Congress appointed Robert Morris as superintendent of finance. He borrowed his personal credit to raise money for the salary of the continental army.
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Thanks to Morris and his associate Salomon the troops were finally paid in gold coin
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With his troops outnumbered by more than two to one and exhausted from shelling Cornwallis finally surrendered
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The formal British surrender at Yorktown, the American revolution had finally ended. America won.
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Peace talks between America, Great Britain, France, and Spain began with each nation looking out for its own interest.
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US, GB, France,and Spain signed a treaty which confirmed US independence and set boundaries for the new nation.
