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Still bitter from his defeat by the British in the Frencha nd Indian War, the French had secretly sent weapons tot he patriots.The Saratoga victory bolstered trust from the French.
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The British had previously rertreated from Boston. They moved the war to the middle states as a part of their plan to stop the rebellion by isolating New England, the seized New York City.
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Brothers, General William Howe and Admiral Richard Howe, joined forces on Staten Island. They sailed into New York harbor with the largest Britsh expeditionary force ever assmebled at 32,000 soldiers.
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The Battle Of New York ended in late August with an American retreat following heavy losses. Michael Graham, a continental Army volunteer, described the chaotic withdrawl.
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Washington was willing to risk many, when he planned a surprised attack on the Hessians on Christmas. They ended up winning this witha victory they will never forget.
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The British had pushed Washintons's army doen the Delaware River to Pennsylvania. Many of Washinton's men were deserted killed or captured.
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General Howe began his campaign to seize the American Capital at Philadelphia, his troops sailed from New York to the head of Chesapeake Bay and landed near the capitol in late August.
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American troops surouned British General Burgoyne at Saratoga. He surrendered his battered army to General Gates.
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At Valley Forge, outside Philadelphia served as the camp site for the continental army, they huddled in makeshift huts in the freezing cold while british troops occupied warm homes.This was a low point for general washington and his troops, but gave americans more hopoe of winning.
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Americans had yet and estonishing victory against 1,200 British stationed at Princetown.The Americans were very encuraged by these victories.
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The French recognized American Independance and signed a alliance, or trety of sooperation, with the Americans. This was great for the Americans because they only got stronger.
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In the midst of the frozen winter at Valley Froge, American Troops began a transformation. Fredirich Von Stenben trained the troops from country bumkins to regular soldiers.
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British began to shift their operations South. they hoped to gain loyolaist support, and reclaim their former colonies in the region.
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A British expedition easily took Savannah, Georgia over.
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A royal governor once again took command at georgia as the British shited Southward in the American colonies.
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A military leader Marquis de Lafayette, joined Washingtons staff and bore missery at Valley Forge, lobbied French reinforcemnets and led command in Virginia in the last years of the war.
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In their greatest victory the British captured Charolettetown, South Carolina. They marched 5,500 American soldiers off as prisoners of war.
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General Harry Clinton, sailed south with 8,500 men.
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Cornwallis's command in the south succeeded. African Americans who escaped from their patriot owners earned freedom fighting in the war for the British.
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Cornwallis's army smashed American forces at Camden,South Carolina.
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When the forces met a cowpnes, South Carolina, the British expected the outnumbered Americans to flee but the Continental Army faught back.They forced the redcoats to surrender.
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Angered by the defeat at Cowpens, Cornwallis attacked Greene later at Gailford Court House in North Carolina.He won but it cost a fouth of his troops.
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Greene weakened the British, but he worried about the fight for the south.He wrote a letter to Lafayette to ask for help.
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The congress pointed out a rich philadelphia merchant, Robert Morris, as superintendant of finance
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Due to the efforts of Morris and Salomon, the troops wer finally paid in specie, or gold coin for their efforts put into fighting for American.
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The seige lasted about 3 weeks. With outnumbered troops Cornwallis raises the white flag.
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Colonial Williams Fontaine of Virginia militia stood with American and French Armies lining a road near York town, to witness the formal British surrender.
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A triumphat Washington, the French Generals, and their troops assembled to accept the British surrender.
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Peace talks in Paris began, representatives of 4 nations, U.S, France, Britain, and Spain were in negotions but each nation looked out for its own interests.
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The delegates signed the treaty of Paris. This confirmed the U.S's independance and set its boundaries
