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Radical Republican
Radical Republican's wanted to help rebuild the south and help African Americans. They wanted the government to help also. Regular Republican's wanted to government to be involved as little as possible. -
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Sharecropping
Sharecropping is an agricultural system which developed in the Southern states during the Civil War. It was a farm tenancy system in which families worked a farm or section of land in return for a share of the crop rather than wages. -
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Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan was a group that targeted African Americans; who owned land or became prosperus and whites who tried to help them. They wore white robes and pointed hats. Dragged people from homes, then beat, lashed, shot, burned, and lynched people. The perception for blacks were that President Johnson didn't care about them. The Klan's goals were to restore Democratic control of the South and former slaves. They had quickly destroyed the effectiveness of the Federal civil rights. -
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Segration
Segration was the separation between white and blacks. For intense go to a restrurant, drinking at a water fountain, attending school, public bathrooms were always sperated one for blacks and one for whites. In 1896 US Supreme Court upheld "seprate but equal faquilties" mainly transportation. By 1968 all segration was declaered unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. -
13th Amendment
This amendment abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. -
Freedmen's Bureau
Freedman's Bureau was found in March 1865. The Bureau set up schools and hospitals for black. Gave the South cloth, food, and fuel. Over four years gave twenty-one million rations of food to black and white refugees. Established forty hospitals, Settled some thirty- thousand people who became homeless because of the war, and established fair wages. -
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Reconstruction
Reconstruction is the process of the federal government used to readmit the confederate states to the union. The main thing that did not get archived is the equality for african Americans. The main things that did get archived though is they removed troops and gave grants to rebuild railroads. Reconstruction ended because the South regained power. Also because Reconstruction happened the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments happened. -
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Carpetbaggers
As soon as the war ended, in November of 1865. Carpetbaggers were also referred to as Yankee's . Southeners thought they were going to the south to get rich. -
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Black codes 1865 - 1877
After the civil war, they created the "Black codes". Parents of darker people would tell there kids to not challenge white people. African Americans were forbidden to meet plantation, so they needed a written proof. -
14th amendment
This defines citizenship, contains the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause, the Equal Protection Clause, and deals with post-Civil War issue. -
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Civil Right 1866
Civil Rights started in 1866. Congress passed a bill promoting Civil Right's saying that everyone born in the United States were citizens no matter what there race/color was. -
15th amendment
15th Amendment; Prohibits the denial of suffrage based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude...February 26, 1869 -
Ku Klux Klan
In 1871, the Klan broke into a county jail and lynched 8 African Americans. -
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16th Street Babtist Church
This church was the first colored Baptist Church of Birmingham. The cost of construction was $26,000. On Sunday, September 15, 1963, members of the Ku Klux Klan, planted 19 sticks of dynamite outside the basement of the church. At 10:22 a.m., they exploded, killing four young girls. Following the bombing, more than $300,000 in unsolicited gifts were received by the church and repairs were begun immediately. The church reopened on June 7, 1964. -
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Jim Crow (laws)
These laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. Examples of Jim Crow laws are the segregation of public schools, public places, and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains for whites and blacks. -
Grandfather Clause
Grandfather Clause stated a man could vote if he or an older family member, probaly a grandfather, had been eligible to vote before 1867. Before that date, most African Americans, free. -
NAACP 30 year lynching campaign
NAACP waged a 30 year campaign against lynching 1889 - 1919 -
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Plessy V Fergusson case
Segregation forced African American's to use separate entrances from whites and to attend separate doors. Blacks and whites had to use different water fountens, and go to different schools. -
Williams v Mississippi 1898
-Williams vs. Mississippi 1898 is a United States Supreme Court case that reviewed provisions of the state constitution that set requirements for voter registration. Williams' counsel attacked the indictment and trial because blacks had been excluded from jury service, following their effective disfranchisement under Mississippi's. -
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NAACP
NAACP, was founded on Feb. 12, 1909. It is the nation's oldet, largest, and most reconized civil rights organization. The NAACP organization was partly initiated by the practice of lynching and the 1908 race riot in Springfield. Their goals were to ensure peoples' rights to the 13th, 14th, and 15th ammendments, which ensured to end slavery and the equal protection of the law. NAACP's primary objetive is to guarantee the political, educational, social, and economic equilty of citizens of the US -
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Rosa Parks
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama Parks refused to give up seat to a white person on a local bus. She ended up getting arrested because she didn'y move. She was also fined $10 then a $4 court fee. In 1943 Parks then became active in the Civil Rights Movement , she became an important symbol because of the bravery she had standing up for black people. -
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NAACP growth
NAACP sees enorous growth in membership , they had 9,000 members in 1917 and 90,000 in 1919, with 300 local branches. Exspecially throught the 1940's, in 1946 the had roughly 600,000 members. They continued as a legislative and legal advocate, fighting for anti-lynching law and ending mandated segregation. -
KKK DC March 1928
The Ku Klux Klan members marched down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. in 1928. Their faces not covered so their not afraid to let people know who they are. They were also wearing cones and holding flags and banners. There were hundreds or even Thousands of marchers. -
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Martin Luther King jr.
Martin was a well known man who protested against racism. He wanted black people to be free, with everyone to have the same rights. Because of this he wrote one of the best known speeches "I have a dream." Then becuase he wanted black people to be equal with whites, he got shot on his belcony while getting fresh air. -
Jesse Owens
Jesse Owens was in the summer Olympics, sprints and long jump. he had won four gold medals. At the end of the Olympics president Franklin Roosevelt invited all the gold medalists to hae luch with him. Roosevelt had invited evryone gold medalist besides Jesse Owens. President Roosevelt thought blacks couldn't do anything and shouldnt be in the Olympics. Jesse Owens was the first black male to have a sponsership. -
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Emmett TIll
Emmett Till was an African American boy murdered at the age of 14. He was murdered because he was flirting with a white woman. A group of white people beat him and gouged out one of his eyes, before shooting him through the head and disposing of his body in the Tallahatchie River. Even worse, they placed a weight on him, the weight being a 70-pound (32 kg) cotton gin fan tied around his neck with barbed wire. -
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NAACP
In 1950s NAACP's Legal Defense and Educational Fund secured Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which outlawed segregation in public schools. Helped advance not only integration of the armed forces in 1948 but also passage of the Civil Rights Acts, as well as the Voting Rights Act of 1965. They posted bail for hundreds of freedom riders in the '60s. Paired up with other national organizations to plan the march of 1963. NAACP is focused on inconsistency in ecomy, health care, and education. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v, represented blacks who wanted a better school. While the board of education said it wasn't right to mix the kids. after a very long trail the Supreme Court ruled that in order to be equal black kids and white kids must attend the same school. -
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
It started because of Rosa Parks because she didn't move to the back of the bus and was arrested. The churches ask if all African Americans could not ride the buses on monday so the could protest Parks arrest. -
Freedom Riders
On May 4, 1961 the Freedom Riders rode interstates buses in the South, to protest against segration. The blacks sat in the front of the bus and refused to move when the white told them to. At the bus stops the riders would try and use the hite only facilities. They were scheduled to end their trip on May 7, 1961 in New Orleans. But before the got there the riders we stopped and beaten and arrested by segrationists in Alambama. -
14th amendment
It prohibits the revocation of voting rights due to the non-payment of poll taxes. -
Voting Rights 1965
Although the Civil Rights Act of 1964 restricted states from using different voting standards, they found ways around it to keep blacks out from voting. The whites would charge people a poll fee, which was outlawed by the 24th amendment. So now people started to use literacy tests. SNCC helped blacks vote, in the end SNCC helped 1,200 blacks vote. On August 6, 1965 President Johson signed the Voting Rights Law, that banned tests, and also black voters incresed 10% to 60%. -
Selma and Montgomery marches
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Jimmie Lee Jackson
Jimmie Lee JAckson had marched with his family on Febuary 18, 1965 to protest the arrest of James Orange. The state troopers had violently broke up the march, one of the troopers had shot Jimmie in the stomach. Jimmie had died eight days later from his wounds, whille him and his family were seeking refuge. -
Little Rock School
Nine African American students attempted to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. On 4 September 1957, the first day of school at Central Highus, a white mob gathered in front of the school, and Governor Orval Faub deployed the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the black students from entering. In response a team of NAACP lawyers, with the help of police escorts, the little rock nine successfully entered the school through a side entrance. -
Red Summer 1919
The red summer of 1919 was also known as the bloody summer. An estimated 500,000 African Americans had emigrated from the South to the industrial cities of the North. They did this because white mobs lynched at least 43 African Americans and hung and shot 16 others, then 8 were burned. -
Lunch sit-ins
The Greensboro sit-ins were a series of nonviolent protests in 1960 which led to the Woolworth's department store chain. Congress of Racial Equality sponsored sit-ins in Chicago. Four african american men sat at the only "whites counter" and ordered coffee but were asked to leave. Each day more and more people joined the sit in. On the fourth day more than 300 people took part in the sit-in. One week after the Greensboro sit-in had begun, students in other North Carolina towns did the same.
