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Theodore Roosevelt supported many progressive reforms. He was also a strong supporter of the conservation movement.
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Woodrow Wilson was the nominee from the Democratic Party. He had successfully passed several progressive reforms as governor of New Jersey, and he promised a series of reforms he called the New Freedom. Woodrow Wilson defeated Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Eugene Debs and won the election.
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The 16th Amendment created a federal income tax.
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The 17th Amendment changed how senators were elected. It gave the people the power to elect senators in direct elections, rather than having senators appointed by state legislatures.