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George Washington
Federalist -
Washington: Foreign- U.S. neutrality
During the wars between British and French, he tried to emphasize U.S. neutrality and how it would benefit the American economy. -
Washington: Political- Whiskey Rebellion
It was a citizen revolt as a result of the tax on whiskey, which affected the settlers on the frontier the most. -
Washington: Social- Battle of Fallen Timber
It was between the American Indians against the U.S. for control of the Northwest territory. The U.S. won and ended hostilities with the Indians in this area until later. -
Washington: Economic- National Bank
Alexander Hamilton heavily influenced Washington's economic policy, especially with tthe idea of the U.S. national bank and the Hamilton's financial plan which includes a mercantilistic economy. -
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John Adams:Political- XYZ Affair
Adams sent ministers to France to stop them from harassing American ships at sea. French asked for a bribe, which insulted the Americans. -
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John Adams
Federalist -
John Adams: Social- Alien and Sedition Acts
During the war with France, this limited immigration and free speech to the Americans. -
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John Adams: Political- Quasi war with France
An indeclared war fought at sea because the French thought that the Jay Treaty was a violation of France's 1778 Treaty of Alliance with the U.S. -
John Adams: Foreign- Neutrality
Adams continued with Washington's foreign policy of neutrality and he negotiated a treaty with France in 1800. -
John Adams: Economic- Removal of excise on whiskey
After the Whiskey Rebellion, he decided to remove the excise tax on whiskey as a result of citizen revolts. -
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Thomas Jefferson
Democratic- Republican -
Jefferson: Social- Indian Acculturation
Jefferson believed that the Indians should become more civilized, like the whites, and then they would be able to properly be a part of society. -
Jefferson: Economic- Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson was involved with the Louisiana Purchase with France, which showed that in some aspects he could be a loose constructionist when it comes to interpreting some parts of the Constitution. -
Jefferson: Political- Marbury v. Madison
This court case established judicial review for the first time, in that from then on the judicial branch was ressponsible for the interpretation of the U.S. Constitution. -
Jefferson: Foreign- Embargo Act
The Embargo Act said that the U.S. was not allowed to trade with anyone to show American neutrality, which ends up actually hurting our economy more than anyone else. -
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James Madison
Democratic- Republican -
Madison: Foreign- Macon's Bill No. 2
This states that trade with the British and the French will continue only if they to respect U.S. neutrality at sea. -
Madison: Social- Tecumseh and Tippecanoe
At the Battle of Tippecanoe, William Henry Harrison decimates the native american tribes, and becomes a hero for it, and for the more land he gained for the U.S. -
Madison: Economic- First Protective Tarrif
Congress did this to protect U.S. manufacturing and young industry, which was made to increase domestic trade between thw North and South. -
Madison: Political- Second National Bank
The Republicans had some Federalist ideas such as the charter of the second national bank. -
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James Monroe
Democratic- Republican -
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Monroe: Social- First Seminole War
Andrew jackson was ordered to stop raiders coming from Spanish Florida; he destroyed several Seminole villages. -
Monroe: Political- Adams Onis Treaty
Spain gave the U.S. Florida in exchange for the U.S. giving up claims to Spanish province of Texas. -
Monroe: Foreign- Monroe Doctrine
This warned European powers to stay out of the western hemisphere in terms of colonization, or the U.S. would interfere. -
Monroe: Economic- Gibbons v. Ogden
Marshall court declared that a monopoly was unconstitutional, and he therefore granted the federal government broader control of interstate commerce. -
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John Quincy Adams
Democratic- Republican -
JQA: Political: American System
Being a nationalist, he supported internal improvemnets (roads and canals) at federal expense. -
JQA: Economic- Tarrif of Abominations
Northern states (more industrialized) wanted high rates while the south (relied heavily on purchase of manufactured goods) voted against the bill. -
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Andrew Jackson
Democratic -
Jackson: Social- Indian Removal Act
He didn't want Indians to live with or interact with the white people so he provided them with resettlement to the West. -
Jackson: Economic- Nullification Crisis
When South Carolina tried to ignore federal law, it caused the nullification crisis, which eventually ended in the Compromise Tarrifs. this reduced protective tarrifs by 10%. -
Jackson: Political- Bank Wars
He vetoed the charter of the 2nd national bank, and he challenged the Supreme Court's decision of its constitutionality. -
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Martin Van Buren
Democratic -
MVB: Economic
Panic of 1837-
No federal financial institution to regulate economy. Caused inflation.
independent Treasury Act of 1840-
This gave the treasury power to control all federal funds. -
MVB: Political- Workingmen's Party
The workingmen's party wanted reduced tarrifs and wanted it to be easier to acquire western lands. -
MVB: Foreign- Annexation of Texas
He cared more about sectional harmony than territorial expansion, so he decided to reject Texas' request to join the U.S. -
MVB: Social- Trail of Tears
He forced the Cherokees to Oklahoma. -
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William Henry Harrison
Whig -
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John Tyler
Whig -
Tyler: Political- Preemption Act
This allowed squatters on government land to purchase up to 160 acres at a very low price before land was offered for sale to the public. -
Tyler: Political- Webster-Ashburton Treaty
This settled the dispute over the Maine-New Brunswick border between U.S. and Canada, and they agreed on terms to shared use of the Great Lakes. -
Tyler: Political- Annexation of Texas
He annexed Texas officially 3 days before the end of his term, which would upset the terms of the Compromise of 1820. -
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James Knox Polk
Democratic -
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Polk: Foreign- Mexican War
After gaining Texas, Polk wanted more land so he offered to buy it, but this attempt failed. -
Polk: Political- Wilmot Proviso
It said that any acquired land from Mexico had to be a free state with no involuntary servitude. it was passed in the house (North) and not in Senate (South). -
Polk: Social- Utah Migration
Mormons migrate to Utah on a pioneer trail. They migrated west because they were forced out of Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois, so they wanted to go somewhere that no one would bother their religious practice and belief. -
Polk: Foreign- Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This officially ended the Mexican American War. America got north of Rio Grande, California, and New Mexico.