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The 1901 Immigration Restriction Act was aimed at excluding non white migrants and did so by requiring migrants topass a dictation testwhich would be set in any lanuage chosenby a customs officer.In 1901, 98% of people in Australia were white. Australia wanted to remain a country of white people. Now known as the infamous White Australia Policy it made it very difficult for Asians and chinese to migrate to Australia.
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The Scheme took 25 years to build and was completed in 1974. More than 100,000 people from over 30 countries came to work in the mountains to make true a vision of diverting water to farms to feed a growing nation and to build power stations to generate renewable electricity for homes and industries.Sixteen major dams, seven major power stations (two underground), a pumping station, 145kms of inter-connected trans-mountain tunnels and 80kms of aqueducts were constructed. Even before the Scheme w
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World War two resulted in a sence Australia needed to increaseits population in order to be able to adequately defend the country- concept of "populate or perish". Skill shortages were also a key issue during this period of migration, and attractingskilled workers was an important migrantion goal. Brittish settlers in particular were given special incentives and privilages to migrate, but the post-war period also saw an influx of migrants from across Eruope,
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there was a larege influx of immigrants from south east asia some beig called boat people. The 1970s and 1980s was aslso a time when multicultrualism became a strong focus of policy, emphrasing the benifits of supporting cultural diversity and identity, while maintaining social cohesion
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Two of the major shifts in migrationpolicy since the mid-1990s have been an increasing emphasison skilled migration, particualy into high priority occupations and an increasing focus on temporary migration, often as a precursor to permanent settlement. Recent changesinclude more targeted priority occupationsand an increased emphasison employer-sponsored migration.
