Mueggenborg Timeline Project: Unit 2

By kidsonm
  • Period: 200 to

    Mayan Civilization

    Central American civilization who refined writing and the calendar.
  • Period: 224 to Jan 1, 651

    Sasanid Empire

    A Persian dynasty rivalling the Roman and Byzantine Empires. Considered one of the most important eras of what is now Iran.
  • Period: 330 to Jan 1, 1453

    Byzantine Empire

    The Greek part of the Roman Empire, after Rome split. The empire went though a decline and a revitalization before the Constantinople was finally captured by the Turks.
  • Period: 330 to Jan 1, 1453

    Constantinople

    The capital of Rome, Byzantine, the Latin Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. Fought over by Christians and Muslims in the Crusades. It ended up being renamed Istanbul.
  • Jan 1, 622

    Foundation of Islam

    Muhammad, a trader by, um, trade, is seen as having been the last prophet of God.
  • Jan 1, 661

    Split Between Sunnis and Shi'ites

    The religious schism in the Muslim faith over the succession of the right to lead. Shi'ites do not acknowledge the right of the Umayyad caliphs to rule, whereas Sunnis do.
  • Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750

    Umayyad Caliphate

    Period in which Muslims take control of Spain and advance to India, but fail to take Constantinople in two attacks.
  • Period: Jan 1, 711 to Jan 1, 1492

    Muslims Conquer Spain

    After the Roman Empire fell, Muslims moved in and took over. After a while, King Phillip II made Islam illegal.
  • Period: Jan 1, 742 to

    Charlemagne

    Ruled the Franks. He put an emphasis on education and showed support for the church.
  • Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1513

    Abbasid Caliphate

    (ended twice, sort of)
    Reasonably tolerant; diverse population.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1017 to Jan 1, 1325

    Seljuk Turks

    Adopted the Mohammedan region, formed Seljuk Empire. Defeated Byzantine emperor at the Battle of Manzikert, and captured Jerusalem, which led to the First Crusade. Overthrown by Othman, who later formed the Ottoman Empire.
  • Period: Mar 1, 1095 to Jan 1, 1293

    Crusades

    Holy wars declared by Pope Urban II against the Muslims in an effort to reclaim Palestine and Jerusalem. Resulted in increased cultural diffusion and the development of the High Middle Ages (demand for new goods increased with trade).
    First Crusade 1095–1099
    Second Crusade 1147–1149
    Third Crusade 1187–1192
    Fourth Crusade 1202–1204
    Albigensian Crusade 1209
    Children's Crusade 1212
    Fifth Crusade 1217–1221
    Sixth Crusade 1228–1229
    Seventh Crusade 1248–1254
    Eighth Crusade 1270
    Ninth Crusade 1271–1272
  • Period: Jan 1, 1138 to Mar 4, 1193

    Saladin

    Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. Led Islamic resistance against the European Crusaders. Recaptured Palestine.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1162 to Jan 1, 1227

    Genghis Khan

    Prominent Mongol warrior who brought tribes together and built an Empire based on military prowess.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1200 to Jan 1, 1573

    Inca Civilization

    An empire in modern-day Peru. Military comprised of conquered peoples forced to fight.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Jan 1, 1324

    Mongol Invasions

    The efforts of Genghis Khan led the Mongols to create an Empire consisting of Russia, China, and most of the land in between.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Jan 1, 1527

    Delhi Sultanate

    Period in India in which Muslims ruled. However, it was a time of relative peace, even for the Hindu citizens.
  • Jun 15, 1215

    Magna Carta

    A document used to limit the English king's power and protect the rights of the elite.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1235 to Jan 1, 1493

    Mali Empire

    Another African power. Involved in Trans-Saharan trade.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1250 to Jan 1, 1517

    Mamluks

    A slave dynasty in Egypt who stopped the Mongols' movement in that region.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1300 to

    Renaissance

    "Rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture in the arts and intellectual pursuits.
  • Period: Apr 11, 1300 to

    Aztec Civilization

    Civiliation in central Mexico. Polytheists. The last great Mesoamerican culture before the Europeans arrived.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1312 to Jan 1, 1337

    Mansa Musa

    King of Mali who made an extravagant journey to Mecca and built mosques everywhere.
  • Period: Apr 8, 1336 to Feb 18, 1405

    Timur

    Turkic conquerer of Western, South, and Central Asia and founder of the Timurid Empire. Sought to restor the Mongol Empire.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1337 to Jan 1, 1453

    Hundred Years War

    A war between Britain and France over who had claim to the French throne. France suffered because the majority of the battles happened within its borders.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1368 to

    Ming Empire

    Came immediately after the Mongols and wanted to get rid of all signs of Mongol rule. Strict government, reestablishment of civil service exams, and the demand of tribute from surrounding states.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1371 to Jan 1, 1435

    Zheng He

    Eunuch admiral who led seven exploratory voyages for the Ming Empire. Established tributaries in Southeast Asia, Ceylon, India, the Persian Gulf, Arabia, and the East African coast. Ming emperors abruptly pulled funding and destroyed his nautical charts and such.
  • Jan 1, 1436

    Gutenberg Press

    An early printing press that made use of movable type. He used an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony to make the letter blocks, which made them durable enough to produce much higher quality prints than were common for the time.
  • Period: Jan 22, 1440 to Oct 27, 1505

    Ivan III of Russia

    Ruler who greatly extended Russian territory, ended tribute payments to the Mongols, and married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, thus making possible claim to the Byzantine succession.
  • Period: Apr 8, 1493 to

    Songhai Empire

    Another African power involved in Trans-Saharan trade.

  • Establishment of Holy Roman Empire

    Came into existence when Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king, Charlemagne. Theoretically, it included all of Christianity, but it actually consisted of little more than Italy and Germany.
  • Period: to

    Sui Empire

    Dynasty that reunited China and saw the construction of the Grand Canal.
  • Period: to

    Tang Empire

    Came after Sui Empire. Civil service examinations.
  • Period: to Jan 1, 1279

    Song Empire

    Followed Tang Empire. Focus on civil service exams based on Confucian philosophy, industry, education, and the arts. Came close to having an industrial revolution.
  • Period: to Jan 1, 1349

    Kievan Russia

    Christian period in Russia, led by Vladimir, Grand Duke of Kiev. It was ended when Mongols destroyed Kiev.
  • Period: to Apr 8, 1235

    Kingdom of Ghana

    Trans-Saharan trade made it prosperous: traded gold, ivory, slaves. Islam spread to Ghana through trade routes.