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Period: to
Malaria
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First Treatment
Quinine first purified from tree bark. For many years prior, the ground bark had been used to treat malaria. -
Identifying the Parasite
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran first identifies the malaria parasite. He is awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for the discovery. -
Discovering Malaria
Sir Ronald Ross demonstrates that mosquitoes transmit malaria. He wins the 1902 Nobel Prize for this work. -
First Anit-Malarial Drug created
Hans Andersag in Germany discovers the Anti-malarial drug Chloroquine, which is not widely used until after World War II. -
Prevention
Paul Hermann Muller in Switzerland tests the insecticide DDT. He wins the Nobel Prize for this work in 1948. -
Elimination of Malaria in certain countries
Malaria is eliminated in the United States. -
Global Organisations Appear to Help
World Health Organization (WHO) launches Global Malaria Eradication Campaign, which excludes sub-Saharan Africa and is eventually abandoned. -
Resistance to first Anit-Malarial Drug
First documented case of resistance to Chloroquine is reported. -
Discovery of Vaccines and Drug Research
William Trager and JB Jensen grow parasite in culture for the first time, opening the way for drug discovery and vaccine research. -
New Drug Produced
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves the use of the anti-malaria drug Mefloquine hydrochloride, registered as Lariam® by Hoffman-LaRoche. -
Vaccine Approved for clinical triala
Malaria vaccine candidate RTS,S, developed by Glaxo Smith Kline and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, enters clinical trials. -
Reducing Child Mortality in 3rd World Countries
Insecticide-treated bednets are proven to reduce overall childhood mortality by 20 percent in large, multi-country African study. -
Goals for Malaria Mortality
Roll Back Malaria Partnership (RBM) launched by WHO, UNICEF, UNDP and World Bank with goal of halving malaria incidence and mortality by 2010. -
Home improvement strategies in place
WHO adopts home management strategy for malaria whereby trained community volunteers provide anti-malarials in remote African communities. -
Millennium Development Goals
The U.N. General Assembly adopts the Millennium Development Goals, setting a target to halt and begin reversing malaria incidence by 2015. -
First-line Malaria Treatment is recommended
WHO prequalifies first fixed-dose Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT), sold by Novartis as Coartem® and recommends ACT as first-line malaria treatment. -
New Discoveries
Genome sequencing of Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) and Plasmodium falciparum (parasite) completed. -
New Targets
World Health Assembly adopts target of 80 percent worldwide coverage of insecticide nets and ACTs by 2010. -
Malaria Therapy for Treating African Children
UCSF study shows combination malaria therapy effective in treating African children -
New Strategies
The Global Health Group at UCSF comes forward with the first high-level strategy for the eventual achievement of malaria eradication. This strategy has since been widely adopted. -
Action Plan
Representatives of nations around the world meet in New York and endorse the Global Malaria Action Plan (GMAP), which lays out a vision for reducing malaria in the short term and eventually eradicating it when new tools become available. -
World Malaria Day
United Nations adopt April 25 as World Malaria Day. -
New Strategy to Elimate Malaria
UCSF experts outline new strategy to eliminate malaria
