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1095
Pope Urban called for the Crusades
Catholics wanted to take the holy land from the Muslims. -
1200
The Crusades cause a big change
Europeans eyes opened to new goods outside of their territory, and trade grew. -
1254
Marco Polo's Birth
Marco Polo was born in Venice, a European center for commerce and trading. -
1293
Polo's journeyed home
The Polo's began the journey back to Europe with new ideas and goods to trade. -
1298
Marco polo captained a galley ship in a war
Marco was captured and met a writer. This writer encouraged him to write an autobiography, which led to "The Travels of Marco Polo" being created. -
1415
Portuguese Captured the Ceuta Fortress
The Portuguese captured the Ceuta Fortress, which began their dreams of controlling the global gold market. -
1419
Portugal's Discovery of the Madeira Islands
Encouraged explorers and scientists to travel farther South along the coast of Africa. -
1427
Azores Islands Discovered by Portuguese
Portugal discovered the Azores Islands which encouraged their explorers and scientists to travel farther South along the coast of Africa. -
1434
One Portuguese Ship Made a Successful Return Voyage
A Portuguese ship had a successful journey home which motivated the Portuguese to venture even farther. -
1440
Printing Press was invented
Printing press lead way for new inventions to be created and made it easier to spread knowledge. It was the most important invention of the Renaissance. -
1469
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
Unified Catholic Spain and began the process of building a nation that could compete for global power. -
1485
Columbus was Rejected
Columbus went to the king of Portugal to present his plan of sailing west, but he was rejected. -
1488
Portuguese Made it Around the Tip of Africa
Portuguese reached the the eastern coast of South Africa, and they discovered the "Cape of Storms". -
1492
Muslims Expelled from Spain
Step forward in making Spain a global power because now they could finally look beyond their borders. -
1492
Ferdinand and Isabella financed Columbus's Expedition
Columbus sailed West. -
Oct 12, 1492
Columbus Landed in The Americas
He discovered a new land filled with gold and other riches. -
1498
Portuguese Reached India
Achieved the Dream of King Joâo II. Catapulted Portugal to be amongst the richest countries in Europe. -
Scientific Revolution
There was a renewed interest in learning. Europeans wanted to understand the world around them, so they began to study it. -
The Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes wrote the Leviathan. -
The Second Treatise on Government
John Locke wrote The Second Treatise on Government. -
Declaration of Independence
The British colonists called for a revolution and wrote the Declaration of Independence. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
During French Revolution the french wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man. -
Haitian Revolution Began
Slaves started the revolution against plantation owners in Hispaniola. -
Haitian Revolution Won
The Slaves won the revolution and renamed Saint Domingue Haiti. -
Napoleon Invades Spain
The French emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte, invades Spain. -
Grito de Dolores
Hidalgo rang the church bells, and the citizens of Dolores joined together and fought for their independence. -
Bolívar Invades Venezuela
Bolívar and his troops invaded Venezuela. -
San Martín Freed Chile
San Martín liberated Santiago, Chile. -
Economic Crisis in the Americas
Depressions caused banks to fail. Moses Austin lost his fortune. -
Moses crossed into East Texas
Moses Austin and a slave named Richard crossed into East Texas -
Mexico Independent
The rebel forces of Mexico finally gained their independence from Spain. -
Peru Independent
San Martín took the Peruvian capitol and proclaimed Peru independent. -
Imperial Colonization Law
The Mexican government passed the Imperial Colonization Law, and Austin's land grant was secure, allowing him to continue to bring in settlers. -
San Felipe de Austin
SFA created a capital for his colony. This capital was called San Felipe de Austin -
Bolívar Dictator
Bolívar became the dictator of Peru. -
4 New Contracts
Austin began acquiring new contracts for new colonies. -
Republic of Fredonia
Benjamin Edwards created the Republic of Fredonia and declared independence from Mexico. -
San Felipes population grew
San Felipe had between 100 and 200 residents. -
Gen. Mier y Teran's report on Texas Population
General Manuel Mier y Teran wrote his report on the population in Texas. He did not approve of the citizens of Texas. -
Law of April 6, 1830
Mexican government issued a decree that gave Mexico more control over Texas. -
Turtle Bayou Resolutions
Texans write the Turtle Bayou Resolutions, pledging their support to Santa Anna. -
Conventions of 1832 and 1833
Texans listed their grievances and presented their requests to Santa Anna. -
Separate Statehood Wanted
Texans wanted separate statehood, but the April 6th Law revoked them. -
Santa Anna President
Santa Anna was elected president of Mexico. -
Separate Statehood Constitution
The Texans wrote a constitution to apply for separate statehood with Mexico. -
Incoming Mules
A unit of Mexican cavalry was reported coming in to San Antonio, but after multiple attacks, the Texans captured them, only to find their packs filled with grass. -
Santa Anna Dictator
Santa Anna declared himself dictator of Mexico. -
Consultation of 1835
Texans split into two groups - the peace party and the war party. -
Mexico Defeated in San Antonio
General Cos was defeated by the Texans and surrendered San Antonio to Texas's control. -
Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution has begun. -
Battle of Gonzales
Gonzales volunteers made a surprise attack, shouting, "Come and take it!" Texans won and elected Stephen F. Austin as their leader. -
Goliad Campaign
Collinsworth, Milam, and 50 Texan soldiers defeated 30 Mexican soldiers in a surprise attack. -
Treaty of Velasco
The Treaty of Velasco officially recognized Texas as an independent state. -
Battle of the Alamo Begins
Mexican forces began the battle of the Alamo. -
Battle of the Alamo Over
Mexican victory at the battle of the Alamo. However, the Mexicans lost 3 times as many soldiers as the Texans. -
Goliad Massacre
Three groups of Texan soldiers executed, with 28 escapees. -
Battle of San Jacinto
The Texan army attacked while the Mexicans were asleep, and they shouted things such as, "remember the Alamo" and "remember Goliad."