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The idea the jewish should have their own state.
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Theodor Herzl had a goal that the Jewish peoplca can have their own land of Israel. He also organized the unbrella organization to promote this goal.
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Commissioner Henry McHahon promised Sharif Hussein (the ruler of the Muslim holy city of Mecca) that Britain would be independent to most Arab areas.
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The British Balfour Declaration promised to create a Jewish homeland in the region comprising the ancient Land of Israel.
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This event happend for about 27 years (1920-1947). Britain was given the Palestine Mandate on land comprising modern-day Isreal, the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Jordan.
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Nazi Germany attcked and conquered most of europe, they presecuted Jews, eventually carrying out a genocide known as the Holocaust. (this event happened for years)
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On Nov. 29, 1947 the UN General Assembly voted to partition the Palestine Mandate into an Arab state and a Jewish. The Arabs in the Palestine Mandate and the Arab states rejected it and increased attacks on Jews.
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David Ben-Gurion proclamed int the independence of the new State of Israel on May 14, 1948. The following day, Arab armies from Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq attacked the new state.
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The PLO was formed with the aim of destroying Israel and creating a Palestine state in its place.
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Egypt, Jordan, Syria,= and Iraq moved their armies to Israel's borders. Egypt closed the international water way, the Straits of Tiran, to all Israeli shipping.
